Sittings

The Senate debated the pending Cooperatives Bill, with the Cabinet Secretary outlining the shortcomings of small, election‑driven SACCOs and the need for digitisation and a Deposit Guarantee Fund. He cited grassroots consultations across all counties and urged legislators to back the reforms, while warning against reliance on harambees and unsustainable practices. The Senate struggled to achieve quorum before moving to a question by Sen. Kibwana on safeguarding children in digital spaces. The Cabinet Secretary’s lengthy legal‑focused response prompted the Temporary Speaker and Sen. Khalwale to demand a concise, action‑oriented answer, highlighting concerns over implementation of ICT safeguards. Senators questioned the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Digital Economy on its response to child online safety, the rise of harmful content and AI‑generated videos, and the need for stronger cyber security strategies and curriculum. They also pressed for accountability mechanisms for digital platforms, referencing the EU Digital Services Act, and sought data on programme implementation across counties. The tone combined concern and criticism with occasional acknowledgment of the Cabinet Secretary’s efforts.

Senators highlighted several pressing issues, including inadequate funding for Parliament, stalled construction of Bukhungu Stadium and Kakamega Teaching and Referral Hospital, unresolved cases from the Haiti mission, and significant challenges faced by bee farmers in Embu County. The statements collectively called for greater fiscal prioritisation, accountability, and targeted support to address these concerns. Senators debated a draft Bill concerning forest conservation, devolution of an institute's headquarters to Kiambu County, and the potential misuse of forest easements for road construction. The discussion turned contentious with accusations about MPs' language proficiency and challenges to statements made on the floor, while also highlighting the Bill's provisions for accountability and alignment with constitutional and global standards. Senators debated the Forest Conservation and Management (Amendment) Bill, stressing the need for strong forest governance, community ownership, and alignment with international climate commitments. They highlighted issues of forest evictions, duplication of regulatory roles, and praised Kenya’s tree‑planting initiatives while critiquing opposition rhetoric. The discussion blended constructive policy focus with political tension.

The Senate afternoon sitting opened with quorum and proceeded to welcome a French parliamentary delegation attending the Africa Forward Summit, followed by a visit from teachers and students of Visa Oshwal Junior School. Senators highlighted cultural ties, youth engagement and parliamentary transparency, while a brief procedural clash over speaking time introduced a note of tension. The Senate afternoon sitting dealt with procedural motions to report and approve several bills—including the Equalization Fund Appropriation Bill, Division of Revenue Bill, Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Amendment Bill, and the Kenya National Council for Population and Development Bill—most of them without amendments and moving them to a third reading. Senators moved, seconded, and prepared for divisions, with the Temporary Speaker overseeing the process. The debate was largely procedural with little substantive contention. The Senate conducted multiple divisions on the Health Amendment Bill, with senators voting by county delegations and procedural motions to amend clauses and schedules. A brief debate highlighted concerns over the Equalisation Fund’s unreleased Kshs62 billion and the proposed increase in county allocations. Procedural issues, such as a senator crossing the aisle without bowing, were addressed by the Deputy Speaker.

Senator Maanzo highlighted the need for progressive gender mainstreaming in Kenya, citing constitutional requirements and examples from Rwanda, Uganda and Makueni County, while warning of costs and corruption concerns. The Deputy Speaker deferred the motion and reorganised the order of business, and Senator Crystal Asige moved the Environmental Management and Coordination Amendment Bill for a second reading, acknowledging her co‑sponsor. The session was largely procedural with limited substantive debate. Senators debated a Bill concerning environmental and scientific considerations, urging greater expert input and more substantive contributions from the full Senate. Concerns were raised about the low number of speakers, procedural rules on quorum and standing orders, and the need for amendments before passage. The session concluded with a motion to adjourn the debate under Standing Order No.110. Senators highlighted persistent health sector problems, including stalled capital projects, drug shortages, and poor inventory management, while outlining the committee's follow‑up actions. They also raised concerns over unequal road funding allocations, infrastructure damage from floods, and inconsistencies in cereal weighing standards that affect farmers. The session included procedural updates on upcoming business and pending legislative divisions.

Senators questioned the government’s handling of compensation for communities affected by transmission line, dam and Konza City projects, and challenged the decision to invest in an oil refinery in Tanzania while leasing the historic Mombasa refinery to a foreign firm. The Cabinet Secretary responded by explaining the roles of KETRACO, the National Land Commission and budgetary processes, and pledged continued efforts to resolve compensation and project feasibility issues. The exchange reflected both criticism of perceived delays and a constructive attempt to obtain clarification on policy and budgeting matters. Senators questioned the Ministry on solar‑energy policy, the status of electrification projects in Isiolo and other counties, and asked for detailed household‑connection statistics. The Energy Cabinet Secretary responded by outlining Kenya’s progress toward universal electricity access, the growing contribution of solar to the grid, and the role of the National Infrastructure Fund in financing energy projects, while promising to supply the requested data and accelerate pending works. Senators debated the commercial viability of the Changamwe refinery and announced upcoming crude production from South Lokichar, while questioning the adequacy of output to support a local refinery. The chamber also scrutinised electricity connectivity figures, asking for county‑level data and the role of the infrastructure fund, with occasional tension over perceived political bias.

Sen. Dullo criticised the implementation of the Equalisation Fund, arguing it has deepened marginalisation due to opaque criteria, incomplete projects and misallocation, particularly in northern Kenya. He highlighted specific failures in roads, health facilities and electricity provision, and urged for transparent procedures, public participation and proper monitoring to ensure the fund meets its intended purpose. Sen. Sifuna criticised the current implementation of the Equalisation Fund, arguing that its allocation is insufficient to address the deep‑rooted marginalisation of northern, western and Nyanza regions and to deliver basic services such as electricity, roads and airports. He highlighted the disparity in infrastructure, cited the Adani PPP proposal that favours Nairobi, and called for greater transparency on how national resources are distributed to counties. The debate combined sharp criticism of past and present political decisions with a constructive push for equitable funding and accountability in a future administration. The session was marked by heated exchanges, with Sen. Cherarkey accusing Sen. Khalwale of condescension and personal insults, while the Temporary Speaker intervened. Sen. Khalwale shifted focus to the chronic marginalisation of northern and western regions, critiquing the Equalisation Fund’s implementation and highlighting stark healthcare disparities. The debate also touched on ethnic integration and procedural interruptions.

The Senate accepted Sen. Karen Nyamu’s apology for inappropriate remarks made to a student, cautioned against future disrespect, and ordered the offending remarks to be expunged from the record. The session then moved to procedural matters, with Senators debating a motion to limit debate time on a bill and raising points of order concerning the correct use of standing orders. Tensions arose over procedural interpretations and the role of elders versus formal rules. Senators debated a motion to limit contributions on the Narcotics Bill, specifically concerning miraa and muguka, to 10 minutes per member, leading to procedural disputes over speaking time and the appropriateness of invoking the President's name. The Temporary Speaker clarified her authority and admonished a senator for out‑of‑order remarks, while other senators highlighted the agricultural and cultural significance of miraa and muguka across Kenyan counties. The Senate was notified of the Forest Conservation and Management (Amendment) Bill forwarded from the National Assembly and scheduled for first reading. The Speaker lauded a youth‑led tree‑planting initiative, urging government support, while Senators raised concerns over the management and encroachment of public agricultural land and a specific market site, requesting committee statements.

Members of the National Assembly celebrated Sebastian Sawe's sub‑two‑hour marathon, with Hon. Ng'elechei notifying the House of his achievement and several MPs offering congratulations and highlighting his inspirational value. The session also welcomed Kiurani Boys High School students, praising their visit as a sign of future leadership. Overall, the debate was marked by national pride and commendation of Kenyan athletic excellence. The Temporary Speaker directed urgent responses to a request for a statement on gender‑based violence incidents in Mombasa County and set a two‑week deadline for the committee’s report, while also managing procedural matters such as tabling a report on the impact of the US/Israel‑Iran conflict on petroleum distribution. MPs expressed concern over the GBV cases, praised the Cabinet Secretary’s service, and emphasized the need for swift procedural compliance. The session combined substantive issue‑focused debate with routine parliamentary administration. Members highlighted the need for private and public investment in sports facilities across Kenya, praising recent government projects such as new stadiums and increased award payouts. They celebrated athlete Sebastian Sawe’s achievements and urged broader support for a range of sports, from football to boxing and emerging games like Fadel. The discussion was largely constructive, with minor disagreements on the role of stadiums versus other facilities.

Sen. Cherarkey used the floor to urge the President to assent to the National Disaster Risk Management Bill and to adopt preventive disaster measures, while also criticizing the current administration’s economic record and the Kenya Revenue Authority’s taxation of athletes. He highlighted the achievements of marathon runner Sebastian Sawe and called for tax relief for sportspeople, and later Sen. Chute moved to defer the question on the Division of Revenue Bill, which the Deputy Speaker accepted. Senators discussed the challenges facing coffee farming in Bungoma, calling for better funding, extension officers and value‑addition measures, while also raising concerns about cross‑border coffee theft. The chamber then debated the merits of a centralized county payroll system and the ongoing issue of Kenyan youths being recruited to fight in Russia and Ukraine, with the government presenting figures on repatriations and urging factual, non‑political debate. Senators highlighted critical gaps in special education, calling for increased funding, more teachers, and dedicated schools for learners with disabilities, while also urging counties to adopt integrated payroll systems to curb corruption and protect employee benefits. Proposals included expanding STEM scholarships for disabled learners and improving infrastructure and equipment for special needs schools.

Members debated the accountability of forest rangers under the IPOA, citing incidents of excessive force and calling for clearer oversight. The House considered amendments to ensure that representatives on the Kenya Forest Service board come from registered community forest associations, with differing views on the selection process. Procedural motions were moved to amend clauses and advance the legislation, reflecting a constructive yet contested discussion. The National Assembly debated several amendments to the forestry bill, including provision of technical assistance for agroforestry, removal of duplicate training provisions, and clarification of buffer‑zone rules. Members expressed concerns about how the 100‑metre buffer might affect private land and homes near forests, while the Chair clarified that the zones would be confined to public land. The discussion was largely procedural but featured constructive exchanges over implementation details. The session began with quorum procedures before Hon. Amina Mnyazi raised a request for a statement on the delayed operationalisation of the Malindi Civil Registration Centre, to which the committee chair indicated a response after recess. A procedural motion was moved and seconded to exempt a business item from standing order restrictions, followed by discussion of a forestation bill aimed at meeting Kenya’s tree‑cover goals. The House concluded the debate on the bill.

The Senate session was unable to achieve a quorum despite two calls for members to attend. The Speaker announced the adjournment of the sitting until later the same day, citing Standing Order No.40 (2).

The session began with Hon. Ruweida Mohamed urging increased budget allocations for committee cases, which the Speaker deferred to after recess. The main business was Hon. Major Abdullahi Sheikh moving a motion to approve Dr Julius Murori Mbijiwe as Kenya’s first resident ambassador to the Vatican, with the committee highlighting his qualifications but noting concerns over cost‑benefit justification and preparedness. The committee concluded there were no legal impediments and recommended approval. Members debated the nomination of a Kenyan ambassador to the Holy See, framing it as a contribution to global peace and cooperation, and subsequently moved to approve the appointment of a chairperson and members to the National Cohesion and Integration Commission, highlighting their expertise in unity, hate‑speech mitigation, and inclusive development. The discussion was largely constructive, emphasizing qualifications and the commission’s role in fostering national cohesion. Members raised concerns over the incomplete link roads to the Ngong‑Suswa Highway, highlighting traffic congestion, road deterioration and the need for telecom infrastructure along the route. The Speaker directed the Chair of the Regional Development Committee to provide a statement on the government's flood response, after which a detailed briefing outlined relief supplies delivered to affected counties. The debate combined criticism of infrastructure gaps with a factual overview of humanitarian assistance.

The session opened with a heated exchange where Senators accused each other of using the term “goon,” prompting laughter and procedural interjections. The House then adopted a report on a petition concerning discrimination and rights violations of clinical officers, with Sen. Mariam Omar urging swift implementation of HR guidelines. The sitting concluded with a warm welcome to a student delegation and routine procedural matters. The Deputy Speaker announced that a bill to separate the National Treasury from the Ministry of Finance is nearing completion and called for amendments to the Public Finance Management Act to restore public control over money, including similar reforms at the county level. He criticised current fiscal mismanagement, unbudgeted presidential projects, and the conflation of political patronage with development, urging stronger accountability and democratic balance. The remarks combined criticism of existing practices with a constructive push for reform. Senators debated the implementation of devolution, stressing the need for greater county funding and stricter accountability of governors over allocated resources. The discussion devolved into procedural clashes, personal remarks about language and media affiliations, and repeated points of order between Sen. Methu, Sen. Cherarkey and the Deputy Speaker. While the underlying issue of fiscal oversight was raised constructively, the tone was marked by tension and confrontational exchanges.

Senators repeatedly expressed frustration over procedural delays and confusion surrounding the Division of Revenue Bill, questioning the Senate Majority Leader's handling of the business and the timing of its debate. While some members sought clarification and urged for constructive discussion, others highlighted the bill's critical impact on their counties and called for its timely consideration. The debate was marked by a mix of criticism, procedural concerns, and attempts at collaborative resolution. Senators highlighted severe funding gaps for teachers, including delayed salaries, inadequate health benefits, and lack of teaching resources, while also raising concerns about agricultural support, deteriorating road infrastructure to rice‑growing areas, and the impact of imported rice on local markets. The debate shifted to the Division of Revenue Bill, with arguments that devolution costs must be transparently sourced from the independent Commission on Revenue Allocation. Overall, the session combined criticism of current budget allocations with calls for clearer, equitable financing mechanisms. Sen. Osotsi criticised the lack of transparency on Kenya’s public debt and warned that the Division of Revenue Bill could be unconstitutional without accurate figures, urging stronger oversight and higher devolution funding of at least Ksh450 billion. Sen. Munyi Mundigi, speaking in Swahili, highlighted chronic under‑funding of county services such as health promoters, teacher salaries, school infrastructure and agricultural inputs, also calling for the same Ksh450 billion allocation to improve service delivery. Both senators emphasized the need for greater accountability and adequate resources to support devolution.

Members raised several requests for statements, including the creation of administrative units in Ijara to address security and service delivery gaps, and the urgent upgrading of the Subukia‑Mwangaza‑Simboyoni‑Kanyotu‑Mbogoini road to support agricultural livelihoods. Hon. Caroli Omondi highlighted concerns over the leasing of sugar mills, alleging assets were given away for free and revenue is being lost. The Speaker managed procedural scheduling, deferring responses to later in the week, reflecting both constructive debate and frustration over delays. Members debated a proposed amendment to exempt capital gains tax on property transfers between companies and their shareholders during reorganisations, emphasizing its role in reducing double taxation and fostering a more attractive investment climate. The mover detailed safeguards to prevent abuse, such as proportional distribution and subsidiary share conditions, and thanked contributors for their support. The overall tone was constructive and supportive of the progressive change. Members condemned the recent deadly attacks on the Kamba community, describing them as heinous and calling for immediate government protection, stronger policing, and regulation of unlicensed firearms. They also highlighted related issues such as drought, poor road infrastructure, and the need for coordinated security operations, while some praised development progress but urged faster action on security. The debate emphasized accountability of security agencies and the urgency of addressing the underlying causes of violence.

The Senate session began with procedural matters and a motion to strengthen the Senate’s link with county governments. Senators then sought statements on several issues: excessive police force during an Embu County protest, delayed health fund disbursements in Bungoma, the status of the Bachuma Disease‑Free Zone livestock centre in Taita Taveta, and controversial comments by the EACC chairperson linking women to corruption. The debates reflected concern and criticism alongside calls for constructive oversight. Senators condemned the recent police shootings of two young men in Embu County and called for a swift, transparent investigation and accountability from the police hierarchy. They also raised concerns about excessive hospital fees for childbirth and urged the government to address systemic issues such as police training, crowd‑control capacity, and the need for bipartisan dialogue. Proposals were made for a dedicated committee to engage with police leadership away from the public eye to find lasting solutions. The Senate Majority Leader outlined the pending legislative agenda, noting 64 bills at various stages and urging senators to stay for upcoming votes. Senators raised concerns about delayed disbursement of Social Health Authority funds, accessibility for persons with disabilities, and the need for Usalama medical cover for police, calling for committee action. The session combined procedural updates with substantive health and security issues.

Members debated the pricing disparity between tea produced in the Western and Eastern Rift Valley, attributing lower prices to quality assurance lapses, inconsistent grading, and inadequate factory management. They called for stricter adherence to quality protocols, transparent communication from the KTDA, and better‑qualified board members, while also urging market expansion to improve farmer earnings. The discussion was largely constructive but highlighted significant criticisms of certain factories and governance practices. The National Assembly appointed Hon. Dick Maungu as interim Chair of the Public Investments Committee to maintain its work during an ongoing Powers and Privileges inquiry. Members moved to extend the bribery investigation into Hon. Jack Wanami Wamboka and to designate Hon. Samuel Chepkong’a as chair of the Committee of Powers and Privileges, emphasizing the committee’s experienced composition. The debate was largely procedural and focused on ensuring continuity and fairness in oversight functions. Members highlighted the low earnings of tea farmers, blaming broker dominance, inadequate factory leadership and inefficiencies within KTDA. They called for electing knowledgeable farmers, improving oversight of KTDA, and addressing government actions that hurt export markets. The debate combined criticism of the status quo with constructive proposals to boost farmer incomes.

Senators raised serious concerns about the deteriorating health infrastructure in Nandi County, highlighting unpaid nurse stipends, unsanitary hospital conditions, and inadequate newborn facilities. They called for the enforcement of collective bargaining agreements, absorption of Global Fund staff, and stronger devolution of health services to improve UHC, TB care, and overall service delivery. Senators highlighted severe gaps in health infrastructure, including non‑functional mortuaries and inadequate maternity units, and criticised the implementation of the Linda Mama/Jamii health insurance scheme. They also raised chronic issues affecting clinical officers such as unpaid salaries, contractual insecurity, and lack of career progression, urging the government to secure financing and improve drug availability. While some praise was given to the Cabinet Secretary and Kenya's economic status, the overall tone was one of frustration and demand for corrective action. Sen. M. Kajwang praised the committee report on clinical officers, highlighted their critical role and recent 135‑day strike, and called for the empanelment of roughly 1,000 facilities and the right to pre‑authorise medical claims. He urged the Senate to allocate an additional Kshs8.94 billion to county governments to fund the return‑to‑work formula and stressed the need for county accountability in using the funds.

Members debated the appropriate use of RMLF funds for road works, with one MP defending a policy of tarmacking rather than grading temporary roads and contrasting constituency needs. The Deputy Speaker then addressed a privilege complaint involving the National Cohesion and Integration Commission, outlining procedural steps, questioning the complaint’s timing, and emphasizing the need for a fair, constitutionally‑guided investigation. The discussion highlighted tensions over resource allocation and parliamentary oversight mechanisms. Hon. John Mutunga Kanyuithia highlighted the tea sector’s critical role in Kenya’s economy while exposing deep‑seated problems such as regional price disparities, higher production costs in the Western Rift Valley, and governance lapses like inflated allowances. The committee’s evidence‑based inquiry pointed to quality differentials, transport and labor cost differentials, and energy pricing as key drivers of farmer disaffection, calling for reforms to ensure fairness and sustainability. The debate highlighted serious governance and operational challenges in Kenya's tea sector, including scale fraud, opaque inter‑factory loans, and over‑reliance on a narrow export market. Hon. Dr. John Mutunga Kanyuithia presented a series of recommendations—ranging from independent audits and power‑wheeling to factory modernisation, market diversification and legislative review—to restore profitability and protect farmers. The House was asked to adopt the report and move the motion forward.

Hon. Dorothy Muthoni questioned why serious allegations raised in July 2025 were only communicated in April 2026 and urged protection of the House's integrity. Hon. Wanami Wamboka defended his role as chair of the Public Investments Committee, detailed alleged Ksh132 million misappropriation by former NCIC commissioners, and criticised the handling of letters and the decision to debate the matter on the floor. Both speakers called for proper procedures and safeguards to prevent the House from being crippled by unresolved disputes. Members debated a Bill proposing a 30% local‑content reservation for multinational cement and steel firms operating along the Athi River corridor, urging that benefits flow to host communities. The speakers voiced strong support for the Bill while highlighting concerns over foreign‑owned contracts, job losses to expatriates and the need for clear implementation timelines to protect Kenyan youth and reduce unemployment. Hon. Stephen Mule urged support for the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Theft Bill, citing recent cattle thefts in his constituency and calling for electronic branding, tracking and stronger penalties to deter criminals. He emphasized the bill’s importance for small‑scale farmers and urged county governments to implement effective measures, while the Temporary Speaker deferred the question on the bill. The debate highlighted both the bill’s potential benefits and concerns over current penalty provisions and enforcement mechanisms.

Members praised the proposed Local Content Bill as essential for creating jobs and industrialising Kenya, citing missed opportunities in projects like the SGR, housing, and public transport where imported materials and goods have displaced local manufacturers. They criticised the current reliance on foreign supplies—cement, bolts, furniture, buses, and fertilizer—and urged strict enforcement of local procurement to boost domestic industry and protect the economy. Members debated the reduction of VAT on fuel from 16 % to 8 % as a short‑term measure to cushion Kenyans from rising global oil prices, with several MPs urging even lower rates or a permanent solution. The discussion also highlighted concerns about the oscillating tax regime, substandard fuel imports, and the untapped potential of Kenya’s own oil reserves, while calling for coordinated action on transport fares and accountability of senior officials. Members debated the ongoing investigation into a child's drowning in Gilgil, pressing for the pending toxicology and DNA reports and clarifying which committee should oversee the case. The Speaker highlighted the need for a clear timeline, accountability for school safety, and urged the government to provide a response. MPs pledged to obtain the required forensic reports and seek a cabinet secretary’s reply.

Members highlighted the constitutional imperative for public participation and the problems caused by the absence of a uniform law, which has led to inconsistent judicial interpretations and nullified decisions. The House discussed the 21‑clause Public Participation Bill, emphasizing the need for clear guidelines on responsible authorities, notice periods, and communication models, while also considering the interaction between national and county participation statutes. Members debated the need for clear, quantitative guidelines to define adequate and meaningful public participation in the legislative process, noting current ambiguities and the risk of costly, ineffective consultations. They called for specific thresholds on notice periods, participation numbers, and submission handling to improve accountability and reduce litigation, while acknowledging the challenges of implementation. Hon. David Gikaria highlighted shortcomings in the current public participation framework, calling for clearer notice, multilingual access, and stronger penalties for non‑compliance. Hon. Ruweida Mohamed reinforced the need for genuine, accessible participation, citing transport costs and inadequate incorporation of citizen input into legislation. Both speakers urged greater transparency and coordination to avoid duplicated efforts between the Assembly and Senate.

Members debated the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Theft Bill, stressing the need for practical, preventive measures such as livestock branding, registration, and community‑based reward systems, while ensuring adequate funding and implementation. They referenced comparable legislation in other African nations and highlighted the broader context of poverty and youth unemployment as drivers of theft. The session also included procedural remarks and a welcome to visiting students. Hon. Mejjadonk Gathiru outlined amendments to the education Bill to recognise specialised institutions, align diploma and certificate programmes with the TVET Authority, and introduce a clear statutory definition of a university, assuring that current students will not be disadvantaged. Hon. Emmanuel Wangwe highlighted the Bill's role in incorporating disadvantaged schools and raised concerns about how the reforms intersect with the Bill of Rights, particularly the right to education. The debate combined constructive proposals with critical questions about equity and legal clarity. Members raised concerns over unequal resource allocation, including the lack of functional vehicles for Kitui West sub‑counties and restrictive age limits in school co‑curricular guidelines. Additional grievances focused on the disparity in teachers' house allowances and the delocalisation policy in Mombasa, with several members urging the relevant departmental committees to address these issues within two weeks. The debate combined criticism with procedural commitments to seek statements and possible remedial actions.

Hon. Owen Baya advocated for the Health Bill that would merge existing health regulatory bodies into a single authority to ensure systemic patient safety and enforce patients' rights through a mandatory charter. The Bill introduces stringent registration, licensing, and accreditation requirements for facilities, links access to public funds with quality standards, and proposes a specialised Health Care Tribunal for swift justice. He highlighted current conflicts of interest and negligence issues, arguing the reforms will provide legal protection and accountability for patients and providers. Members debated a health sector reform Bill aimed at consolidating regulatory authority, eliminating overlapping statutes and preventing forum shopping. The discussion highlighted the need for clear quality‑of‑care standards, stronger patient safety mechanisms, and a streamlined tribunal for health disputes. While criticism was directed at the current fragmented system, the majority expressed optimism that the Bill will enhance universal health coverage through unified oversight. Speakers highlighted the fragmented licensing system for health facilities and the resulting burden on providers and patients, urging the creation of a single regulator to streamline registration and improve accountability. They advocated for the Quality Healthcare and Patient Safety Bill, emphasizing patient rights, safety, and the need to address staff shortages and delayed justice. The debate combined criticism of current practices with strong support for legislative reform.

The House Business Committee outlined upcoming legislative business and praised members for passing the Supplementary Appropriations Bill. Procedural motions were moved, notably the approval of a charter for the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), emphasizing its strategic role in health research, vaccine development and alignment with national development priorities. The debate was largely constructive and procedural with no major conflict. Hon. Emmanuel Wangwe and Hon. Marianne Kitany both voiced strong support for amending the Special Economic Zones Act to attract private investment in Kenya's upstream, midstream and downstream oil sectors, emphasizing tax incentives and infrastructure needs. They highlighted the strategic importance of developing blocks T6 and T7 in Turkana, reducing reliance on imported oil, and the long‑term economic benefits despite high initial costs. MP John Waithaka called for an update on the murder investigation of 12‑year‑old Bridgit Njoki Wainaina, prompting the committee chair to promise a response within two weeks. Hon. David Gikaria and Hon. Abdul Haro debated the reliability of electricity in Kotulo, Mandera, with the committee outlining plans but the MP expressing dissatisfaction over recent outages and unconnected lines. The Deputy Speaker also welcomed a group of schoolchildren before proceeding to the Majority Leader’s statement.

Members debated the need to improve access to quality education for children in informal settlements, calling for proper school infrastructure or free transport such as BRT services. They criticised unqualified alternative schools and urged stricter regulation while supporting the education Bill with amendments. The discussion emphasized government responsibility, oversight mechanisms, and equitable resource allocation. Hon. Esther Passaris urged the passage of an amendment bill to formally recognise and fund schools operating in informal settlements and orphanage learning centres, highlighting the constitutional right to education and the need for feeding programmes and teacher training. She praised community resilience and the President's leadership but criticised current resource allocation, exclusion of non‑public schools, and pervasive corruption that hampers effective budgeting for universal education. Members raised concerns about the capitation funding limits in a proposed bill, emphasizing the need for clear, equitable standards to support both rural and urban poor, especially children in informal settlements. The debate also touched on affordable housing initiatives aimed at eliminating slums, while the temporary speaker intervened to maintain order. Hon. Zamzam highlighted the hardships faced by families in slum areas and urged greater government support for education and basic services.

Members overwhelmingly supported the motion to establish the Kenya Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, highlighting its potential to boost innovation, create jobs and enhance Kenya’s economy. Hon. Kimilu and Hon. Shakeel also condemned the recent attack on Senator Godfrey Osotsi, urging respect for democratic discourse. The Temporary Speaker intervened to keep the debate focused on the motion. The Deputy Speaker opened the afternoon sitting, welcomed a group of students from local schools, and oversaw the laying of several committee papers and a motion on access to cancer care. Members also raised a request for a statement from the Defence, Intelligence and Foreign Relations Committee concerning the unexplained burial of a Kenyan domestic worker in Saudi Arabia, with a two‑week response deadline. The session was largely procedural with a focus on health, broadcasting, and foreign affairs issues. Members debated the lack of transparency around the leasing of sugar mills, demanding lease agreements, investment plans and valuation of assets, while also addressing concerns over growing arrears highlighted in the supplementary budget and the need for an audit. The Deputy Speaker mediated procedural disputes between Hon. Caroli Omondi and Hon. Mutunga, allowing further discussion and directing requests for statements. A separate general statement celebrated the issuance of the first birth certificate in Lamu East.

Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah presented a Bill to repeal and replace the existing Fisheries Act, proposing a comprehensive framework that creates the Kenya Fisheries Service, an advisory council, a Monitoring, Control and Surveillance unit, and a Fish Marketing Authority. The Bill emphasizes sustainable resource management, accountability through audits and parliamentary oversight, and measures to protect local species such as tilapia from over‑exploitation and imports. It also seeks to establish dedicated funds to support fisheries development and ensure food security and livelihoods for fisherfolk. The National Assembly debated a Fisheries Management Bill intended to consolidate licences, improve stock‑taking and boost aquaculture as a food‑security and economic pillar. Hon. Dorothy Muthoni strongly endorsed the Bill, citing modern landing sites and job creation, while Hon. Millie Odhiambo‑Mabona raised serious concerns about gaps in regulation, exploitation, declining fish stocks, artisanal fisher rights and trans‑boundary conflicts with Uganda. The discussion combined supportive arguments with pointed criticism, reflecting a mixed overall tone. Hon. Millie Odhiambo-Mabona highlighted conflicts over depleted fishing areas, safety risks for young fishers, and the need for government-funded boats and equipment, proposing amendments to the Fisheries Management and Development Bill. Hon. Charity Chepkwony expressed strong support for the Bill, emphasizing improved governance, penalties for illegal fishing and pollution, and the creation of research and development funds to boost food security and economic growth. The debate combined acknowledgment of existing challenges with a constructive outlook on legislative solutions.

Senators Mandago and Wakili Sigei criticised county governors for failing to appear before Senate committees and for accumulating large pending bills, urging stricter oversight and a 90‑day extension for the committee's work. Sen. Olekina backed an amendment to extend oversight, stressing the need to implement audit recommendations and improve coordination between oversight bodies such as the EACC. The debate centred on county financial management, supplementary budgets, and the role of the Controller of Budget in ensuring prudent use of resources. Senators criticised county governors for failing to account for large pending bills and misusing supplementary budgets, urging the Controller of Budget to enforce rules as strictly as with the national government. They proposed a 15‑member ad hoc committee to audit procurement and project progress, with recommendations that non‑compliant governors face political sanctions under the Integrity and Leadership Act. The debate combined sharp criticism with constructive proposals for stronger oversight. The Senate considered a public petition on prolonged teacher appointments and working conditions in Samburu County, laid a health committee report on the Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill, and debated a motion highlighting Kenya's role in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and AI strategy. Senators also sought statements on challenges in the Social Health Insurance framework and on punitive tax enforcement affecting contractors, while welcoming a youth attachment programme.

Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah used the Easter recess to call for national healing, emphasizing the independence of divine will from political desires and urging respect for the clergy’s role in prayer. The Speaker and other members then focused on procedural matters, allocating limited time for debate on the Supplementary Appropriation Bill and reminding members of the need to avoid repetition of earlier discussions. The session combined moral exhortation with routine budgetary and legislative housekeeping. Members debated the First Supplementary Appropriations Bill, noting a Ksh316.7 billion increase to the budget and emphasizing the need to fast‑track projects before elections. Contributions highlighted additional funding for higher education, airport development, and security agencies, while urging MPs to monitor constituency projects. Procedural motions to amend the Bill's schedule were also raised. Members debated draft regulations aimed at curbing the unsustainable wage bill and harmonising public‑sector pay through equity, caps on allowances and performance‑based remuneration. While many praised the reforms as necessary for transparency, morale and fiscal discipline, concerns were raised about transition impacts, safeguards for performance metrics and the lack of comparable remuneration for MPs. The discussion highlighted the need for clear implementation guidelines and robust public participation.

Members debated the Universities (Amendment) Bill, arguing that universities should focus on degree programmes and research while technical and vocational training be handled by TVET institutions and middle‑level colleges. They highlighted concerns over the proliferation of diploma and certificate courses at universities, the need for quality standards, and suggested partnerships with foreign institutions and local manufacturing to enhance skills development. Members debated a Bill on appointing the Inspector‑General of Police, urging that only officers who have risen through the ranks should be eligible and warning against external appointments. They highlighted the need to raise experience thresholds, protect career civil servants, and improve police welfare, while expressing support for the Bill’s objectives. The discussion was constructive but underscored frustrations with current appointment practices. Members debated a Bill that would prohibit universities from offering ordinary diplomas and certificates, raising concerns about regulatory gaps, student funding, and potential waste of existing university infrastructure. While some praised the move as a step toward clearer higher‑education governance, others called for a unified authority and better financing mechanisms for TVET and health‑training students. Proposals were made to allow universities to share facilities and to rename or expand HELB to cover middle‑level learners.

The session began with a celebratory welcome to a group of women leaders from the speaker’s constituency, highlighting their contributions and unity. The debate then shifted to a contentious motion concerning county governors’ refusal to appear before the Senate’s Committee on Public Accounts, with senators emphasizing the constitutional duty of accountability and criticizing the governors’ avoidance tactics. Overall, the proceedings combined commendation of local leadership with sharp criticism of perceived non‑cooperation by county officials. Senators questioned the propriety of advancing the Division of Revenue Bill while several county governors faced arrest warrants and had failed to account for allocated funds, urging the Senate to halt the bill until accountability was ensured. The Speaker repeatedly directed the Majority Leader to proceed, overruling points of order and emphasizing procedural continuity. The exchange highlighted tension between anti‑corruption concerns and the legislative timetable for fiscal allocations. Senators criticised the presence of journalists and governors who allegedly have active warrants inside the Senate, demanding their removal and even proposing a citizen's arrest. The Speaker responded by ordering the Serjeant‑at‑Arms to escort the Governor of Samburu to the police station while procedural communications were prepared.

The debate covered procedural matters on salary adjustments and the role of the SRC, followed by security concerns about individuals returning with military or cyber skills and Kenya’s neutral stance on the Middle East conflict. The Speaker also highlighted ongoing cooperation between the national government and Nairobi County on large‑scale infrastructure, water and sanitation projects, and referenced specific criminal and petition issues requiring ministerial attention. Hon. Samuel Atandi moved a motion to adopt the Supplementary Estimates for FY 2025/2026, emphasizing that this will likely be the sole supplementary budget this year and that the original budget allocations have been largely preserved. He highlighted increased funding for development projects, security, disaster response and revenue mobilisation through the Kenya Revenue Authority and privatisation, while also critiquing past supplementary budgets for undermining credibility. The speech combined constructive proposals with cautionary remarks about fiscal discipline and the need for effective implementation before elections. Members highlighted the need for additional budgetary allocation to the State Department for East African Community Affairs to sustain regional trade integration, while also endorsing the supplementary budget’s focus on tax digitisation, procurement reforms, and pension automation. The debate celebrated the establishment of the National Infrastructure Fund’s governing council and noted increased capitation funding for schools, signalling optimism for infrastructure growth and improved service delivery.

The Senate session on 1 April 2026 was halted because a quorum was not met. The Speaker called for a quorum, the Quorum Bell rang for ten minutes, and the House was adjourned to reconvene later that afternoon.

Members expressed condolences for the late Hon. David Kiaraho and for personal losses, while repeatedly urging swift action on the Quality Healthcare and Patient Safety Bill to address misdiagnoses and substandard medical care. The debate highlighted alarming cases of incorrect treatment, calls for regular medical licensing reviews, and frustration over procedural delays in the House. Members debated the National Aviation Policy, emphasizing aviation’s role as an economic enabler and linking it to Kenya’s Vision 2030. The discussion included historical claims about the first commercial and military aircraft landings in the country, a proposal to promote the historic Maktau site as a tourist attraction, and concerns about bird strikes linked to waste dumping sites. Overall, the tone was constructive but featured mild disagreements over historical details. Members contested the authenticity of a purported letter from “Kalonzo Kalonzo,” using the issue to criticize party leadership decisions, committee seat allocations and alleged post‑election gerrymandering. The exchange grew heated with accusations of unsolicited advice and political maneuvering, while the Speaker interjected procedural points and announced a forthcoming requiem mass.

Senators condemned governors who refuse to appear before the County Public Accounts Committee, labeling their non‑compliance a breach of the Constitution and a dereliction of duty. They called for stronger sanctions, including higher fines and expanded parliamentary powers to enforce accountability. The debate also highlighted the Senate's role in overseeing devolution and ensuring proper use of devolved funds. During the afternoon Senate sitting on 31 March 2026, senators—primarily Sen. Osotsi—presented a series of notices of motions enumerating county‑level funds, hospitals, and development projects across numerous counties. The debate was largely procedural, listing items such as health service funds, climate‑change funds, water and sewerage companies, and mortgage‑car loan schemes without substantive debate or emotive language. Senators debated Auditor‑General findings that expose serious governance failures in several counties, condemning governors for wasteful spending and lack of response. They called for stronger oversight by involving the ODPP and DCI, urged reforms to water and hospital funding, and suggested amending the Powers and Privileges Act to impose penalties for contempt, while also contesting procedural rules on speaking time.

The session began with an uplifting address encouraging young women to pursue leadership roles, followed by procedural exchanges among senators. The main debate centered on the AI Conference report, emphasizing the urgency of enacting the Artificial Intelligence Bill, improving data management, and addressing AI's impact on elections. Environmental concerns about Nairobi River pollution were also raised, highlighting the need for NEMA intervention. Senators highlighted a deepening health sector crisis, citing strikes and understaffing in several counties and expressing disappointment with the government's response. The debate then shifted to the NYOTA youth programme, with Sen. Cherarkey accusing Sen. Osotsi of politicising youth grants, leading to a heated exchange of accusations and procedural challenges. The Deputy Speaker intervened repeatedly to enforce standing orders and manage points of order. Senators discussed the upcoming business schedule, including questions to cabinet secretaries and motions, and raised concerns over the timely tabling of the County Public Accounts Committee audit reports ahead of the constitutional deadline of 31 March. Additional remarks highlighted procedural frustrations about report processing delays and a request for clarification on the criteria for acknowledging school visits to the plenary. The Deputy Speaker responded by noting the issues and adjusting the order of business.

Senators raised concerns about uneven allocation of training slots for sport technical personnel and the slow or stalled construction of several regional stadiums, while the Cabinet Secretary highlighted affirmative action measures, upcoming infrastructure upgrades for the 2027 Africa Cup of Nations, and pending funding for the Olympic team. The exchange combined criticism of current gaps with assurances of forthcoming actions and financial commitments. Senators pressed the Cabinet Secretary for details on proposed stadium sites in Kilifi and the status of works at Kiprugut Stadium in Kericho and a soil‑removal incident in Nandi, alleging a lack of contractors and transparency. The Temporary Speaker repeatedly intervened, urging the senators to withdraw unparliamentary remarks and apologise before the minister could respond, highlighting a tense and confrontational exchange. The Cabinet Secretary for Youth Affairs, Creative Economy and Sports briefed the Senate on progress and financing of sports infrastructure, including venues for the Africa Cup of Nations, stadium upgrades in Wote, Embu and Marsabit, and pending payments to the Olympic team. He emphasized a policy shift toward greater private‑sector involvement for sports federations, while Senators sought clarification on budgets and technical issues, leading to procedural interjections.

Senators debated the integrity of live‑streaming the Senate, with the Temporary Speaker calling for an IT audit and citing constitutional access under Article 118. The discussion also covered a motion on an Artificial Intelligence report and lobbying for the Standard Gauge Railway to pass through Nyamira and Kisii. Procedural tensions arose as members accused each other of disruptive gestures and demanded clarification of evidence. The Temporary Speaker deferred several motions and procedural items. Senators Omogeni and Cherarkey then engaged in a heated exchange, with Omogeni questioning claims that the morning session was not streamed on YouTube and demanding evidence, while also criticizing the planned railway route that bypasses Nyamira and Kisii counties. The debate highlighted concerns over transparency of parliamentary broadcasting and regional infrastructure development. Senators criticised the new education funding model and the Competency Based Curriculum, arguing they have failed and led to the loss of free education, while also highlighting corruption in education‑related funds. They called for stronger oversight, better support for teacher trainees from marginalized backgrounds, and legislative action to improve teacher welfare. The debate combined sharp criticism with constructive proposals for reform.

Senators welcomed school delegations from Kwale, Taita‑Taveta and other counties before moving to procedural business. The debate then shifted to Sen. Sifuna’s extensive criticism of rising banditry, the deteriorating condition of national referral hospitals such as KNH, and the alleged misuse of security agencies and political interference in private enterprises. He called for accountability and better prioritisation of public resources. Senators highlighted the rapid shrinkage of Lariak Forest and the lack of a migratory corridor for elephants, urging the creation of wildlife corridors. They also raised acute insecurity in Vihiga and Migori counties, citing illegal weapons, police harassment, and the burning of a police station, and called on security committees to intervene. Additionally, a brief motion urged the Ministry of Education to integrate teacher‑training college students into the new funding model. Senators debated the shortcomings of Kenya's current higher‑education funding model, urging a shift toward scholarship‑based support for teachers, TVET and diploma programmes and greater equity beyond KUCCPS placements. They highlighted acute accommodation challenges for trainees, especially in remote counties, and called for coordinated funding to improve teacher training infrastructure. The discussion was constructive but underscored significant gaps in existing policies.