Sittings

The Senate could not attain the required quorum of fifteen members despite two ten‑minute bell rings, as outlined by Standing Orders 39 and 40. Consequently, the Speaker adjourned the afternoon sitting to the following day. The procedural steps and quorum rules were recited during the session.

Hon. Oundo urged the adoption of the National Automotive Policy, calling for a ban on used vehicle imports, incentives for locally assembled vehicles and flexible financing to reduce accidents, pollution and create jobs. Hon. Kiarie backed the policy, highlighting the need for expanded manufacturing, zoning, research and the role of soft‑subject education in automotive design, while noting past missed opportunities. Both speakers emphasized swift regulatory action to boost employment, infrastructure and climate benefits. Hon. John Kiarie advocated for a forward‑looking automotive policy emphasizing green vehicles, bio‑fuels and local industry development, while urging broader transport infrastructure planning. Hon. Shakeel Shabbir countered by highlighting past implementation failures and questioning the relevance of the policy’s focus on conventional vehicles. The exchange reflected both enthusiasm for innovation and skepticism about practical execution. Members highlighted that many Kenyan internet users lose value when data bundles expire before full use and when speeds are deliberately reduced, accusing telecom providers of exploitative practices. They called on the Departmental Committee on Communication, Information and Innovation to investigate, report and ensure refunds before the parliamentary recess. The Temporary Speaker managed procedural interjections while several MPs underscored the urgency of protecting digital consumers.

Senators debated the challenges Kenyan domestic workers face under the Bilateral Labour Agreement with Saudi Arabia, highlighting abuses, lack of enforcement of rights, and the need for a legal framework. They also emphasized the significant remittance inflows from the diaspora and proposed measures such as travel restrictions, improved immigration processes, and diaspora engagement to protect both workers and revenue. Senator Orwoba highlighted the safety risks Kenyan workers face in Saudi Arabia and the overstretched Kenyan embassy, urging stronger consular support and stricter regulation of recruitment agents. She called for domestic job creation through initiatives like scaling Kenya Airways, expanding Konza City, and attracting data centre investments to reduce reliance on overseas low‑skill labour. The speech combined criticism of current shortcomings with constructive proposals for economic growth. Senators highlighted the growing problem of Kenyan children and youth being trafficked by unregistered agents to work in Saudi Arabia, where many face exploitation, loss of documents and even death. They criticised the lack of resources in the Ministry of Labour and the embassies, urging a comprehensive report and concrete action, while also noting the positive remittances sent by some workers. The Senate moved to support a motion to rescue affected individuals and consider legislation to protect overseas Kenyan workers.

Members debated the National Government Constituency Development Fund (NG-CDF), with Hon. Sergon highlighting alleged misuse and under‑utilisation in his county, while Hon. Millie Odhiambo defended the fund’s structure and accused him of misleading the House. Hon. Johana Kipyegon broadened the discussion to systemic corruption and praised NG‑CDF’s impact on schools and infrastructure, questioning why attention is on relatively small allocations. The Temporary Speaker reminded speakers to substantiate their claims. Members debated the challenges facing Kenya's education system, focusing on high uniform costs and the impending transition of students to junior secondary schools. The discussion centered on defending the NG-CDF, highlighting its role in building classrooms, providing bursaries and transport, and urging the release of its funds despite proposals to dismantle it. Members debated a petition urging the Constitutional Implementation Oversight Committee to conduct a comprehensive audit of the Constitution, emphasizing the need for consolidated amendments. The session also celebrated Kenya’s leadership in the Commonwealth Parliamentarians with Disability Network, with Hon. Tim Wanyonyi Wetangula elected chairperson, while the Temporary Speaker managed procedural and technical matters.

Members debated the misuse and fragmentation of agricultural land, urging stronger coordination between county and national authorities and a clear legal framework to curb speculation and idle holdings. They highlighted constitutional provisions, stressing the need for public participation to ensure reforms protect productive farmland and enhance food security. The discussion balanced criticism of current practices with proposals for policy and legislative action. Members debated a motion on land regulation, with Hon. Nzambia urging issuance of title deeds and use of land for affordable housing, while Hon. Tonkei opposed limits on large landholdings, citing pastoralist rights. Hon. Mwalika highlighted idle land, food insecurity, and suggested compulsory leasing to boost production and reduce GMO imports. The discussion reflected divergent views on land reform and its impact on agriculture and housing. Hon. Kimani Ichung'wah moved a motion to adopt Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2022 on the National Automotive Policy, outlining its objectives to revive Kenya's automotive assembly sector and expand local parts manufacturing. He highlighted the decline caused by market liberalisation and imported used vehicles, stressing the need for a legal framework, incentives, and skills development to create jobs and align with development goals. The debate emphasized both the policy’s constructive vision and criticism of past policies that weakened the industry.

Senators highlighted the severe impact of drought on livestock and the looming threat of food insecurity, urging both national and county governments to adopt coherent policies, subsidies for production, and value‑addition initiatives. While the motion received broad support, speakers criticised the repetitive nature of past debates and the lack of concrete action, calling for devolved, community‑driven solutions. The discussion emphasized the need for better storage, marketing, and poverty‑reduction measures to sustain Kenya’s agricultural sector. The Senate confirmed quorum and acknowledged a county security officer before debating a petition from Nyandarua County concerning the cancelled Ndunyu‑Njeru‑Ihithe road, with senators criticizing NEMA’s reliance on the Environmental Impact Assessment and stressing the road’s importance for local connectivity. A brief procedural point of order raised the absence of the Speaker’s portrait, prompting light‑hearted remarks, and other senators introduced papers on public participation in county budgeting. Senators discussed using reformed warriors from Turkana County in athletics to reduce violence and urged greater sports development and integration with education, while also raising accusations of human trafficking against a colleague. The debate then moved to a request for a health committee statement on persons with disabilities and a call for increased PWD representation in public offices. The session combined constructive proposals with pointed criticism, resulting in a mixed tone.

Members debated a motion to adjourn the House in order to scrutinise the government’s decision to import 10 million bags of genetically‑modified maize, arguing that the import could flood the market, depress farmgate prices and jeopardise farmers’ livelihoods. Hon. Abraham Kirwa highlighted the timing clash with a strong domestic harvest, questioned the safety of GMO maize and urged the Minister for Trade to explain the rationale before any further imports. The Speaker set procedural timelines for responses and allocated speaking time for the debate. Hon. Anthony Oluoch criticised the government’s decision to import 10 million bags of GMO maize, arguing that such a move requires Parliament’s approval under Article 94 and that the health, environmental and constitutional implications have not been properly examined. He highlighted potential risks to farmers and consumers, cited many countries that have rejected GMOs, and called for the House to safeguard its authority before any importation proceeds. Members highlighted that northern regions have sufficient maize harvests and questioned the timing and necessity of current imports, urging the government to prioritize local farmers and reconsider border tax restrictions. They also raised strong concerns about the introduction of GMOs, citing health risks, seed patent issues, and potential threats to farmer livelihoods. Calls were made for better subsidies, price controls, and community‑based food security initiatives.

Senators debated the County Governments Additional Allocations (No. 2) Bill, emphasizing the urgency of food security and the role of county governments in supporting agriculture. The discussion covered the adoption of genetically modified seeds, water‑conservation measures, and the need for innovative financing, but was marked by criticism of perceived governmental greed and delays, leading to the motion being postponed to the next sitting. Senators debated the government's decision to lift the ban on genetically modified organisms, with some condemning it as unpatriotic, harmful to farmers and potentially dangerous, while others cited scientific research, global usage and the need to improve food security. The discussion also raised religious objections, concerns over patent‑controlled seeds, and the lack of public understanding of GMO technology. The debate reflected sharply divided views on the safety, ethics and economic impact of GMOs in Kenya. Sen. (Dr.) Khalwale used his floor time to accuse county governors of misusing public funds, creating patronage jobs and establishing an unauthorised ‘first‑ladies’ caucus, urging the Senate to investigate the Ksh200 million Mumias Sugar Company case. The Senate then moved to a point of order and voted to adjourn at 5.30 p.m. to debate a motion on the government’s decision to permit cultivation and import of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Procedural divisions and bell‑ringing were repeated as the House managed the agenda.

Senators debated a Bill intended to formalise accounting and oversight of grants, loans and development partner funds to counties, praising its potential to improve transparency and accelerate Kshs32 billion in allocations. However, members raised strong objections to the inclusion of the Equalisation Fund, citing discriminatory allocation criteria and the fund’s lack of operationalisation, and called for clearer oversight mechanisms and investigations into delayed county projects. The discussion highlighted the need for robust reporting, impact assessments, and amendments to ensure equitable distribution and effective use of resources. Senator Ali Roba highlighted several shortcomings in the Additional Allocation Bill, notably the inappropriate bundling of the Equalisation Fund, the lack of provision for its administrative costs, and inconsistencies with conditional grant modalities. He also raised concerns about opaque contracts for leased medical equipment, delayed funding for county headquarters, and the evolving definition of marginalisation that affects fund allocation. The discussion called for legal clarification, better stakeholder engagement, and concrete reporting to address these gaps. Sen. Cheruiyot urged the privatization of public sugar mills to boost farmer earnings and challenged the view that sugar is a poor‑man's crop, while also pressing for the swift passage of the County Government Additional Allocation Bill, blaming Treasury delays for its hold‑up. The Senate debated procedural matters, with the Deputy Speaker guiding the reading of the Bill and other members seeking clarification. Overall, the session combined constructive proposals with criticism of administrative bottlenecks.

The morning sitting was dominated by the procedural counting of votes for the East African Legislative Assembly election, with multiple temporary speakers directing order and instructing the Serjeant‑at‑Arms. A heated interjection by Hon. Junet Mohamed questioned a reported zero vote for Azimio, was ruled out of order, and the counting resumed amid reminders to maintain silence and proper conduct. The House reported the voting figures and declared the nine elected Kenyan members to the East African Legislative Assembly, noting a smooth and orderly process. Members from both the Kenya Kwanza and Azimio la Umoja coalitions congratulated the winners and urged unity, emphasizing the importance of institutional memory and regional trade integration. Procedural steps were completed with the Clerk and Deputy Speaker coordinating the transmission of results to the Senate. The sitting opened with procedural remarks on quorum and voting arrangements, after which several members paid tribute to retiring clerk Lucy, praising her service and wishing her well. The debate then shifted to a motion by Hon. James Nyikal drawing attention to the ongoing challenges faced by internally displaced persons from the 2007 post‑election violence and urging effective implementation of the Operation Rudi Nyumbani resettlement programme.

Senators highlighted the problem of illegal issuance of land titles and leases leading to forced demolitions, urging greater county involvement and referral to the Committee on Lands. They also raised concerns about upstream activities on the Tana River that cause flooding, erosion and affect downstream communities, calling for thorough environmental impact assessments and public participation. The debate combined criticism of current practices with constructive proposals for coordination and oversight. Senators debated the registration age and disbursement mechanisms for the OPCT elderly fund, urging use of mobile money and demanding full accounting of the alleged Ksh 50 billion spent on seniors. They also raised concerns about corruption and mismanagement in the tourism sector, warning of hotel closures and calling for urgent government intervention. The discussion combined constructive proposals with sharp criticism of current practices. Senators debated the mismanagement of the Tana River, condemning upstream dam releases by KenGen that cause floods, crop loss and loss of life downstream, and urging compensation for affected communities. They called for equitable water‑rights enforcement, better flood‑drought mitigation, and inclusive policy development involving all river‑basin stakeholders. The discussion combined criticism of current practices with constructive proposals for sustainable water governance.

Members expressed strong support for the motion to increase tree planting as a means to boost Kenya's forest cover and combat climate change. They called for integrating tree‑planting requirements into building regulations, promoting environmental education in schools, and enhancing measures to prevent forest fires, with some urging the motion be escalated to a bill. The debate highlighted both the urgency of the issue and collaborative proposals for actionable policies. Members debated the government's tree‑planting agenda, urging that trees be planted and preserved along road corridors and that contractors replace any trees felled during construction. Parallel discussion focused on land fragmentation, the need to enforce constitutional limits on land holdings, and to improve land utilisation to address food security and population growth. Members debated the delayed disbursement of the National Government Constituency Development Fund (NG‑CDF) for FY 2022/23, citing Treasury financing shortfalls, the impact of the Russia‑Ukraine conflict, and pending legal clarification on the NG‑CDF Act. Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah presented the Treasury’s statement and a proposed weekly Ksh2 billion release, while Hon. Opiyo Wandayi warned that without clear legal and budgetary compliance the House could halt business. The discussion highlighted the need for an Attorney‑General opinion and parliamentary oversight of the fund’s release.

The Temporary Speaker announced a quorum problem at the start of the morning sitting, ordered the quorum bell to be rung, and subsequently adjourned the House until 2:30 p.m. on the same day. No substantive debate took place, only procedural actions were recorded.

The House discussed the work of the Joint Committee tasked with establishing a roadmap and overseeing the election of Kenya’s representatives to the East African Legislative Assembly (EALA), outlining the advertisement, application, and vetting timelines. It reported that 348 candidates applied, but only party‑nominated candidates met the required thresholds, resulting in no independent nominees being presented. The committee urged the House to adopt its report to ensure the EALA election proceeds on schedule. Members debated the accuracy of the NG‑CDF beneficiary list and urged swift amendment and disbursement of bursary funds to vulnerable children, with Hon. Chonga condemning the former Cabinet Secretary’s stance and calling for constitutional entrenchment of the fund. Hon. Musa Sirma supported the motion to approve the corrected list and warned against misinformation, while the Temporary Speaker deferred procedural questions and moved on to adopt the report on the East African Legislative Assembly elections. Members discussed the upcoming induction of the Liaison Committee, with the committee set to meet weekly starting the next day. A request was made for a statement on the disbursement of the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG‑CDF) following the Supreme Court ruling, and a motion was moved to hold a morning sitting on 17 November. The House also approved the list of nominees for the 124 NG‑CDF constituency committees.

Senators discussed a motion praising a historic partnership that led to the creation of the Unclaimed Assets Authority and acknowledged the return of Sen. Mungatana. The Speaker then shifted to recount recent violent attacks and killings in Kitui County and surrounding areas, highlighting insecurity and its impact on communities. The debate was adjourned with a call to address these security concerns. Senators repeatedly expressed deep frustration over rising insecurity in Kitui, Turkana and other counties, blaming security officials for failures and calling for urgent government action. They highlighted the impact of drought‑driven migration and illegal firearms, urging the Cabinet Secretary and security agencies to mop up guns and address transition gaps. The debate called for a comprehensive investigation and stronger coordination among security bodies. Senator Cheptumo urged greater government support and funding for sports training centres to empower youth and generate wealth, praising the Kenya Kwanza manifesto’s focus on sports. The Senate also addressed procedural requests for statements on human‑wildlife conflict in Lamu, drought impacts on wildlife, and fatal boda‑boda accidents in Ndhiwa, referring them to the relevant committees.

Senators raised concerns about the inadequate assessment facilities for persons with disabilities, urging expansion of centres and stronger legislation to enforce accessibility standards. The debate also highlighted urgent road safety issues, particularly the dangerous design of the Nithi Bridge, and several members sought statements from standing committees on agriculture, IMF‑imposed austerity, and transport levies. Overall, the sitting combined criticism of existing gaps with calls for concrete legislative and infrastructural action. Senators debated whether Muguka (khat) and Miraa should be classified as drugs, citing concerns about student drop‑outs and social harm while also noting their economic importance. The Speaker repeatedly invoked Standing Order No.105, urging members to substantiate factual claims with research before continuing the debate, and directed the issue to a committee report. Procedural tensions arose as some senators pushed for immediate discussion and others emphasized the need for documented evidence. The afternoon Senate session opened with a quorum check and the laying of numerous Auditor‑General reports on various county funds by Sen. Ltumbesi. The Speaker then acknowledged visiting clergy from Nyandarua County and foreign business delegations from India and the Democratic Republic of Congo, with senators offering welcomes and personal gratitude. The sitting was largely procedural with expressions of thanks and encouragement for investment.

Hon. John Kiarie moved a motion to mandate that road construction contractors plant trees along road corridors, arguing it would restore Nairobi’s green cover and provide environmental benefits. Hon. Wanjiku Muhia and other members welcomed the proposal, highlighting advantages for climate mitigation, drainage, noise reduction and mental health, while cautioning about implementation and the need for legislative safeguards. The debate reflected broad support tempered with concerns over enforcement and cost. Members praised the motion to plant trees along road reserves, emphasizing its benefits for erosion control, shade, and climate mitigation. They called for coordinated action involving government agencies, contractors, communities and youth, and linked the effort to Kenya's national five‑billion‑tree target. The debate highlighted both the urgency due to drought and the practical steps needed for implementation. The National Assembly addressed the President’s nomination of Ms. Mary Muthoni Muriuki for Principal Secretary of Correctional Services, outlining the procedural timeline for approval. The discussion then turned to urgent concerns about delayed NG‑CDF (and NG‑AAF) fund disbursements before the upcoming long recess, with members warning they may suspend business until the monies are released.

Senators discussed the appointment of the new Inspector General, emphasizing the need for improved welfare, remuneration, and housing for police officers. They condemned past extrajudicial killings and called for accountability, while urging financial independence and mental‑health support for the police service. The debate reflected both optimism about reforms and concern over persistent challenges. Senators unanimously supported the motion to appoint Eng. Koome as the next Inspector General of Police, emphasizing his professional background and the need for fresh leadership. They highlighted persistent security challenges—including urban crime, cattle rustling, and drug abuse—as well as systemic issues such as police corruption, recruitment irregularities, and excessive traffic roadblocks, urging the new IG to address these problems. The debate also touched on broader development concerns, notably the impact of insecurity on tourism and regional projects like dam construction in the Kerio Valley. Senators debated the nomination of seven members to the Public Service Commission, emphasizing the need for trusteeship, accountability and representation of women and regional interests. While most speakers expressed confidence and gratitude for the nominees, some warned against self‑interest and stressed vigilance over future conduct. The discussion highlighted bipartisan cooperation but also underscored concerns about welfare and ethical standards for appointed officials.

Members debated a motion to empower youth by supporting musicians, artists, artisans and social media influencers, proposing funding through the NG‑CDF and the Hustler Fund. They highlighted the potential for job creation, export earnings and cultural promotion, urging tax incentives, embassy marketing and training programmes. The speakers expressed strong support for embedding the motion into law to ensure sustainable livelihoods for creative talent. Hon. Beatrice Elachi warned that recent market closures and fragmented policies are crippling Kenya’s SMEs, urging a coherent national policy, digitalisation of trade and better access to funds such as the Hustler and Economic Stimulus Funds. She criticised the Kenya Revenue Authority’s role in creating barriers while calling for a more conducive regulatory environment and highlighted the need for improved logistics and funding to revive the sector. The session also included a brief procedural motion on a defence committee report. Members advocated for greater support to artisans and vocational training, urging allocation of at least 2 % of the NG‑CDF and Uwezo Fund to develop youth‑led enterprises and a “Buy Kenya‑Build Kenya” strategy. They highlighted the need for databases of skilled workers, exhibitions, online marketing and protection of intellectual property, while noting current challenges such as limited funding, market access and competition from imports.

Members overwhelmingly supported the motion to fund and empower SMEs, linking it to high unemployment and the need for low‑interest financing such as the Hustler Fund. They highlighted the plethora of existing policy papers and urged better implementation and reduced regulatory hurdles. Procedural concerns about quorum were also raised during the debate. Members highlighted the critical role of SMEs in Kenya's economy and urged the government to adopt a unified policy that provides capital, training, and market access. They also pointed out persistent challenges such as high borrowing costs, limited technology, and regulatory hurdles that hinder SME growth. The National Assembly approved the appointment of Eng. Japheth Koome Nchebere as Inspector General of the National Police Service and adopted a motion to earmark 2% of constituency and UWEZO funds for equipping youth artisans. It also endorsed the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights and approved several committee appointments and related procedural motions. The debates were largely procedural and constructive, focusing on capacity‑building and governance matters.

Members of the National Assembly, including Hon. Abraham Kirwa, Hon. David Kiplagat and Hon. Mwangi Kiunjuri, unanimously supported a motion to entrench the NG‑CDF and Senate Oversight Fund in the Constitution, highlighting their critical role in constituency development, education, health and poverty alleviation. They called for swift approval and allocation of the funds to address urgent needs such as bursaries, school feeding, drought relief and other grassroots projects. Members debated a constitutional amendment to entrench the NG‑CDF, NG‑AAF and the Senate Oversight Fund, highlighting the funds' role in supporting education and women’s political participation. While acknowledging legal challenges and the need for clear constitutional wording, speakers expressed strong support for fast‑tracking the legislation to safeguard public‑benefit programmes. Members debated a constitutional amendment to entrench the National Government Constituency Development Fund (NG-CDF) and Ward Funds, emphasizing its role in supporting education, infrastructure and equity, especially amid drought and famine. The speakers highlighted concrete achievements in schools, health facilities and local administration, and urged unanimous parliamentary support despite acknowledging some opposition.

Senators expressed strong support for Kenya's delegation to the Pan‑African Parliament, highlighting the experience of Senators Mungatana and Prof. Kamar and urging gender balance and broader inclusion of youth and persons with disabilities. The debate also referenced climate change and climate justice, noting Africa's minimal contribution to global emissions and the need for regional action. Overall, the tone was congratulatory and forward‑looking with minimal procedural friction. Sen. Faki condemned the diversion of KMA training funds to a maritime liaison office in the UK, labeling the payment illegal and urging a committee investigation into the misallocation that threatens seafarer training. Sen. Sifuna highlighted the ongoing Kenya Airways pilots strike, blaming poor airline governance and government threats to the union, and called for lasting solutions to the underlying work‑condition issues. The session also touched on procedural concerns about discussing sub‑judice matters in the Senate. Senators highlighted the chronic problem of unpaid county bills to suppliers, warning that accumulated liabilities create a perpetual ‘merry‑go‑round’ and impede new projects. The Senate debated the need for legislation to prioritize and clear pending bills, while also moving a motion to approve members for the Pan‑African Parliament amid light procedural banter.

The debate focused on defending the NG‑CDF, with Hon. Paul Biego urging that the fund remain constitutionally entrenched to support education, security and local development, and highlighting its accountability mechanisms. The session then moved to Hon. Atieno Bensouda’s maiden speech, where she emphasized service delivery, her educational background, transparency, and environmental stewardship as priorities for the 13th Parliament. Members expressed strong support for amending the Constitution to entrench the NG‑CDF, citing its role in building schools, providing bursaries and supporting police stations. They also urged that the NG‑AAF be similarly anchored and that fund allocations reflect constituency population sizes. While praising the funds’ impact, speakers highlighted concerns about unequal distribution and the risk of voter apathy if the funds were removed. Members debated a proposal to constitutionalise the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG‑CDF), the National Government African Allocation Fund (NGAAF), the Senate Oversight Fund and the Economic Empowerment Fund, emphasizing the need for legislation to harmonise these funds with existing Acts. Hon. Murugara, Hon. Mugabe and Hon. Momanyi voiced strong support, highlighting the funds' role in poverty alleviation, education and community development, and urged all MPs to attend the upcoming vote. The tone was largely supportive, calling for sober debate but stressing the importance of protecting these resources for the poor.

Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah moved a motion to adopt Sessional Paper No. 3 of 2021, the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights, highlighting Kenya’s pioneering role in this area. He outlined the plan’s four objectives and cited examples of business‑related human rights concerns such as land displacement, environmental degradation, unsafe labour conditions and lack of remedies, urging Parliament to endorse the policy. The debate centered on the need for stronger safeguards as foreign and domestic investment expands. Hon. Stephen Mule led a debate urging the House to constitutionalise the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG‑CDF) and related funds, highlighting their extensive contributions to education, health, security and infrastructure. He appealed for bipartisan support to achieve the two‑thirds majority needed for amendment, while warning against opposition that could undermine the funds. The discussion also introduced the National Government Affirmative Action Fund, a Senate Oversight Fund and an Economic Stimulus and Empowerment Fund as additional constitutional provisions. Members debated a proposed constitutional amendment to anchor the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG‑CDF), emphasizing its role in poverty alleviation and urging safeguards against misuse. Concerns were raised about constitutional consistency, particularly with Article 95 and the lack of a Senate, while some MPs advocated expanding the fund to cover water and sports initiatives. The overall tone combined constructive support for the amendment with cautionary criticism of potential legal and oversight issues.

The session began with a quorum check and procedural reminders from the Temporary Speaker. The substantive contribution came from Dr. Robert Pukose, who advocated for establishing a Swahili Council to promote the language alongside English and warned that the rise of Sheng threatens the purity and utility of Swahili in education, commerce, and healthcare. Hon. John Kiarie moved a motion urging the Parliament to recognise and support youth talent and innovations, stressing the need for administrative measures to commercialise inventions and create jobs in line with Vision 2030. The Temporary Speaker deferred the seconding of the motion and adjourned the sitting until the afternoon.

Members discussed the approval of the Parliamentary Service Commission's report, emphasizing respect for the rule of law and the need to support the commission's product despite possible disagreements. The Speaker oversaw a division, directing a roll‑call vote and stressing decorum and procedural compliance throughout the session. The National Assembly debated a motion to appoint Mr. Samuel Njoroge as Clerk, with the Speaker repeatedly urging order and adherence to standing orders amid loud consultations. Members highlighted the recruitment process, past contractual appointments, and procedural requirements under the Constitution. The session was marked by procedural clarification but also noticeable tension over decorum. Members debated a motion to mandate tree planting in all road designs and require contractors to replace trees removed during construction, highlighting environmental benefits. A personal statement raised concerns over an impersonating Twitter account and called for action against misinformation. A separate motion urged the government to remunerate village elders for their public service, with procedural interjections throughout.

The afternoon sitting was marked by heated exchanges over parliamentary conduct, with the Deputy Speaker repeatedly urging members to withdraw and apologise for disorderly behaviour. Amid the procedural clashes, Senators raised concerns about high electricity costs, faulty transformers in Nandi County, and the financing of Kenya Power, calling for accountability and reforms. The session also included a welcome to a visiting group of teachers and students from Naivasha High School. Senators discussed persistent delays in land adjudication and titling, highlighting the need for GPS mapping and clearer compensation mechanisms for land taken for public use. The Deputy Speaker urged members to address issues in committee meetings rather than lengthy statements, prompting procedural questions about commenting on statements versus petitions. The debate reflected both constructive proposals and frustration over ongoing land‑related challenges. Senators highlighted the severe drought affecting pastoralist communities, urging a renewed emergency declaration and the deferment of projects to address the humanitarian crisis. The debate then shifted to allegations of irregular remuneration and potential conflicts of interest involving the State Corporations Commission chairperson, contrasting her benefits with those of low‑paid public staff. Members called for investigations, transparency and possible removal of the chairperson to uphold accountability.

Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah outlined the procedures for allocating members to departmental and select committees, emphasizing compliance with standing orders and fair representation of majority, minority, independent and non‑parliamentary parties. He highlighted the upcoming nomination of principal secretaries and the need for joint vetting of the Inspector‑General of Police, while urging MPs to be active in their assigned committees despite the inevitable disappointment for some members. Members lauded the contributions of village elders across the executive, legislative and local levels and urged the House to enact remuneration for them, noting the motion has been tabled in several previous parliaments. The debate was largely supportive, with calls for implementation and a procedural request to defer the vote due to insufficient quorum. Members debated a motion to provide stipends, salaries and uniforms for village elders, highlighting their role in dispute resolution, security and community development. While several MPs strongly supported the motion as overdue, the session also saw procedural tensions, with the Speaker ordering members to leave the chamber and discussions about committee assignments. The overall tone reflects both constructive advocacy for the elders and moments of parliamentary discord.

Sen. Murkomen reflected on his ten‑year tenure in the Senate, highlighting his roles in devolution, county public accounts, and legislative reforms while defending the Senate's constitutional mandate. He criticized the National Assembly and occasional executive interference, and announced his resignation, expressing both pride in achievements and regret for unfinished work. The session began with Sen. Joe Nyutu congratulating Sen. Murkomen on his new appointment and highlighting the need to complete the Kenol‑Marua road, followed by Sen. Murkomen’s extensive thank‑you remarks to colleagues, staff and his family as he prepares to leave the Senate. Subsequent senators used the floor to request statements from standing committees on data‑storage localisation and on compensation for compulsory land acquisition linked to halted coal‑power projects in Lamu, while a brief interjection raised concerns about hospital parking fees. Senators used the afternoon sitting to congratulate Kipchumba Murkomen on his appointment as Cabinet Secretary for Roads and Transport, praising his past contributions and urging swift, non‑political action on road projects. They highlighted specific infrastructure gaps in counties such as Tana River and Kitui, and referenced the shortcomings of the previous administration while expressing confidence in the new leadership.

Members of the National Assembly offered congratulations and thanks to Hon. Duale and Hon. Alice Wahome on their appointments to the Executive, praising their service, mentorship and leadership within the House. The speeches also highlighted the importance of women’s representation, the need for continued parliamentary oversight of the Executive, and calls for greater support to constituency development funds. Overall the tone was appreciative and forward‑looking. Hon. Gideon Ochanda condemned the current teacher delocalisation policy as a punitive, non‑participatory process that has displaced many senior teachers and disrupted communities. He argued that the issue stems from flawed recruitment and deployment practices and urged the Temporary Speaker and the TSC to replace delocalisation with standard civil‑servant transfer procedures, ensuring proper notice and voluntary participation. The debate called for a review of the policy and a more transparent, humane approach to teacher transfers. Members used the session to congratulate and thank senior leaders such as Aden Duale and Alice Wahome, praising their contributions to gender representation, water and sanitation, and national leadership. The speeches were largely appreciative, interspersed with personal anecdotes and light‑hearted remarks about political careers and friendships.

The debate focused on the approval of Cabinet Secretary nominees, with Hon. Peter Makau urging the House to endorse Hon. Peninah Malonza despite questions about her qualifications, emphasizing gender representation and parliamentary oversight. Other members, notably Hon. Sarah Korere, praised the President while highlighting broader challenges such as corruption, rising food and fuel prices, security concerns, and deficits in education and basic rights. The discussion combined supportive arguments for the Cabinet list with criticism of systemic issues affecting Kenyans. Members debated the suitability of nominated officials, weighing integrity concerns such as pending legal cases against their professional qualifications and regional representation. While some speakers criticised alleged misconduct and called for stricter vetting, others defended the nominees, highlighting their experience, tax compliance and contributions to development, particularly in agriculture and women’s representation. The discussion reflected a balance of criticism and commendation regarding the appointment process. Members debated the Teacher Service Commission’s deployment and delocalisation practices, highlighting cases of non‑performing teachers being transferred to remote areas and the adverse impact on families. Hon. Victor Koech moved an amendment to review and devolve teacher recruitment to the zonal level, receiving support from Hon. Cynthia Muge. The discussion combined criticism of the current system with constructive proposals for policy reform.

Senator Nyamu highlighted the excessive parking fees and the inadequate, cramped parking facilities for persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Nairobi, urging county governments to create a harmonised framework. She detailed how limited space, short grace periods, and misuse of designated PWD slots compromise dignity and safety, calling for stronger enforcement and inclusive planning. The debate combined criticism of current policies with calls for constructive reforms. The Senate confirmed quorum and laid a series of Auditor‑General reports covering the financial statements of several counties and funds. Senators then paid tribute to the late boxing legend Philip Waruinge, highlighting his poverty in death and urging the Ministry of Sports to improve support for retired athletes. The remarks were supported by fellow senators, blending procedural business with criticism of government neglect of sports veterans. Senators repeatedly highlighted that former councilors received only minimal allowances and now live in poverty without pension or health benefits, urging the Senate to consider a lump‑sum payment or pension scheme. They extended the concern to current MCAs and governors, noting similar gaps in social security and labeling the situation as discriminatory. The debate called for urgent legislative action to address these inequities among past and present elected officials.

Hon. Titus Khamala condemned the 2018 teacher delocalisation policy, arguing it was implemented without stakeholder consultation and has devastated teachers' welfare, families and community cohesion. He called on the Teachers Service Commission to respect teachers as human beings, consider cultural and local contexts, and adopt a holistic, participatory approach to improve education outcomes. The debate also featured a brief exchange with Hon. Omboko Milemba over parliamentary decorum. Members debated the vetting of cabinet nominees, focusing on the rejection of Ms. Penina Malonza and questioning the majority party’s handling of the committee process. Hon. Junet Mohamed highlighted regional and ethnic imbalances in the current cabinet composition and raised concerns about a nominee facing a serious criminal case. The exchange featured sharp criticisms, procedural points of order, and calls for adherence to constitutional principles. Hon. Robert Mbui criticised the wealth of cabinet nominees, urged that wealth declarations be backed by proof, and raised integrity concerns over three rejected candidates, including alleged criminal cases. Hon. Kimani Ichung’wah countered, asserting that the roles of the Prime Cabinet Secretary and Deputy President are clearly defined by the President’s executive order and that Mbui’s remarks were out of order. The Temporary Speaker managed points of order and limited the debate’s duration.

Senators voiced strong concern over corruption and unfinished county projects, urging oversight committees to ensure completion and hold governors accountable. They also debated the composition of these committees, urging opposition representation, and questioned whether additional funds should be allocated to counties amid mismanagement. The motion to strengthen committee oversight was broadly supported despite the critical tone. Senators used the afternoon sitting to highlight the ongoing human‑wildlife conflict in Taita Taveta and the lack of compensation for affected communities, while also seeking a statement on healthcare services at Vihiga County Hospital. The Speaker intervened to resolve procedural disputes over the wording of statements and directed the matters to the appropriate committees. The session combined constructive calls for action with tension over parliamentary procedure. Senators discussed the importance of the Committee on Delegated Legislation in ensuring that devolution functions effectively and that regulations comply with the Constitution and public participation. They also highlighted the Senate's role in holding governors accountable through anti‑corruption mechanisms and referenced duties related to the East African Legislative Assembly. A brief procedural dispute over addressing the Temporary Speaker underscored tensions but was resolved with an apology.

Senators debated the effectiveness of county oversight, urging the use of special audits and more proactive committee visits to curb mismanagement and stalled projects. They criticised governors for evading accountability and highlighted delays in Auditor‑General reports, while proposing a split of committees into accounts and investments to improve oversight. The discussion combined criticism with constructive suggestions for stronger parliamentary scrutiny. Senators debated the need for robust oversight of county governors, warning that political party influence could undermine committee work. They emphasized the role of key Senate committees—Public Accounts, Public Investments, and Special Funds—in ensuring accountability, while also touching on salary perceptions and the independence of the judiciary. Praise was offered to individual members, but concerns about interference and procedural challenges were evident. Senators urged that committee hearings involving governors be broadcast live to enhance transparency and allow constituents to see the scrutiny. They reaffirmed the Senate’s mandate, backed the proposed committee members, and highlighted the need for follow‑up on audit reports, PPP arrangements and the upcoming special fund oversight. The session concluded with procedural adjournment.

The Senate afternoon sitting opened with quorum and the Deputy Speaker welcomed a delegation from Makueni County Assembly’s Hansard department, with several senators praising and encouraging the visit. The House then moved to lay a series of Auditor General reports covering financial statements of various county executive funds and water & sanitation companies. The proceedings were courteous and focused on oversight and capacity building. The Senate debated a motion to approve senators nominated to serve on various standing committees, with the majority and minority leaders expressing support and highlighting the importance of the work. While most contributions were procedural and commendatory, there was criticism over the omission of a respected legal scholar from the Justice Committee and calls for more inclusive nominations. Senators presented motions urging the Cabinet Secretary for Lands, Housing and Physical Planning and the Council of Governors to address exorbitant urban parking fees, and called on the Ministry of Health to integrate mental health services into perinatal care. The session also featured procedural exchanges, including points of order and remarks on recognizing athletes with diplomatic benefits. Overall, the debate combined constructive policy proposals with moments of tension.

The Deputy Speaker was urged to give priority to new members for maiden speeches, and Hon. Elsie Muhanda moved a motion calling for an immediate school‑feeding policy to address child hunger and improve school attendance. She highlighted the severity of food insecurity, budgetary and infrastructural challenges, and urged coordinated government action and funding. The debate combined procedural courtesy with a strong, urgent appeal for policy and resource support for vulnerable learners. Members expressed gratitude to President Ruto and highlighted his development agenda, but the bulk of the debate focused on the severe drought affecting northern Kenya, especially Samburu, Wajir South and surrounding counties. They urged the government and development partners to fast‑track relief, water, school feeding and long‑term climate‑adaptation measures, while also raising concerns about constituency size and service delivery. Hon. Mohammed Adow highlighted the positive impact of school feeding but warned that teacher shortages in North Eastern Kenya undermine its benefits, urging the Teachers Service Commission to redeploy staff. Hon. Mark Mwenje, in his maiden speech, outlined chronic infrastructure deficits, land‑title issues, overcrowded schools, and funding concerns such as NG‑CDF allocation and the hustlers’ fund, calling for concrete government action. Both speakers combined gratitude for their constituencies with sharp criticism of current policies and implementation gaps.

The Senate session focused on procedural matters, including laying Auditor‑General reports for several counties and reorganising the order of business. Senators discussed and approved the calendar for the first session of the 13th Parliament, outlining afternoon sitting times, recess periods, and plans for a second induction session for new members. The debate also touched on the composition of standing committees and the need for flexibility in scheduling to accommodate members' commitments. Senators engaged in a heated exchange over points of order, with the Deputy Speaker and others accusing Senator Faki of misleading the House about party affiliation and the majority‑minority balance. The debate focused on clarifying the status of UDM‑elected senators, respecting previous speaker rulings, and maintaining parliamentary discipline. Senators welcomed students from the Leadership Academy, urging them to see beyond procedural points of order and experience substantive debate on issues like education and health. The chamber also debated a motion on approving the Senate calendar, emphasizing the historical independence of the legislature from the executive and paying tribute to past members. While the tone was largely constructive, some speakers expressed disappointment that the session was dominated by procedural matters.

Members highlighted the severe drought affecting arid and semi‑arid regions, causing acute food insecurity, livestock deaths and human‑wildlife conflict, and urged urgent government action. They referenced existing policies such as the Ending Drought Emergency Strategy and called for accelerated interventions like water trucking, dam construction and climate‑resilient programmes. The debate combined concern over the crisis with constructive suggestions for policy and infrastructure responses. Members highlighted the chronic drought and water scarcity affecting arid and semi‑arid regions, criticizing historic neglect and corruption that have hampered investment in pastoralist livelihoods. They called for accelerated government action on water infrastructure such as dams, improved roads and electricity, and stressed the need for equitable resource allocation, while also noting recent personal achievements and the significance of increased female representation. The afternoon sitting addressed Kenya’s drought challenges, with Hon. Irene Mayaka proposing a solar‑powered desalination plant and hydroponic farming as long‑term solutions. Hon. Joseph Emathe delivered his maiden speech, thanking his constituents and outlining his agenda for resilience, education, health and investment in Turkana. Hon. Ruweida Mohamed highlighted the acute drought in Lamu, the impact on livestock and food security, and urged the government to treat the crisis as a national emergency and allocate water resources accordingly.

Hon. Amos Maina urged the upcoming Cabinet to prioritize the local mwananchi, youth representation and the adoption of ICT across ministries. Hon. Titus Lotee, in his maiden speech, thanked his constituents, highlighted the importance of maintaining the one‑third gender rule during CS vetting, called for strict adherence to standing orders so Cabinet Secretaries answer Parliament directly, and drew attention to the needs of historically marginalized and insecure regions. Hon. Bidu Mohamed used his maiden speech to condemn the chronic insecurity, drought‑related livestock deaths and chronic under‑development in Isiolo and the wider northern region, urging the new government to relocate military bases, ensure equitable benefits from projects such as LAPSSET and address land‑ownership issues. The remainder of the sitting was dominated by procedural points of order and motions before the Deputy Speaker. The session began with a point of order about pre‑empting debate on appointment names, after which Hon. Opiyo Wandayi stressed the need for integrity and fairness in the Committee on Appointments. Hon. Amos Mwago then expressed his constituents’ optimism about economic liberalisation, affordable housing and trade reforms, while warning against displacement and urging careful vetting of nominees. The debate combined hopeful expectations with concerns over implementation and procedural fairness.