Sittings

Members raised concerns about flood damage in Mwea and urged the NIA to improve water management, while also seeking extended time for the Finance and National Planning Committee to complete its inquiries. The Temporary Speaker facilitated procedural matters, including points of order and the scheduling of upcoming business, such as second‑reading debates on pending bills and a report on the Cotton Industry Development Bill. The session combined constructive advocacy with routine parliamentary administration. Members criticised the NG‑CDF Board for failing to appoint substantive fund account managers in 31 constituencies, despite a rapidly increasing budget. They highlighted issues of suspension, interdiction and poor responsiveness, and called for legislative amendments and stronger oversight to improve service delivery. The afternoon sitting featured statements on Kenya Wildlife Services, the Suneka Airstrip and an extensive briefing on the distribution of subsidised fertiliser to farmers, including stock levels, weekly distribution figures and e‑voucher mechanisms. Members acknowledged earlier access challenges but noted improvements, urged timely procurement for the upcoming planting season, and raised concerns about fake fertiliser.

Members debated the National Disaster Risk Management Bill, acknowledging its timely relevance while raising concerns about the allocation of responsibilities between national and county governments. They highlighted the need for a functional Intergovernmental Council, clearer funding mechanisms, and uniform legislation to avoid conflicts across counties. Overall, the speakers expressed conditional support, urging refinements to ensure effective disaster response. The debate focused on the audit of NG‑CDF financial statements for Vihiga County, with members highlighting both the prudent use of funds and persistent delays caused by late Treasury disbursements and poor coordination with auditors. Hon. Oundo clarified the oversight role of MPs, defended them against mis‑attribution of fund mismanagement, and called for better induction of fund managers and timely releases to improve project delivery. Members expressed strong support for the National Disaster Risk Management Bill, emphasizing the need for county‑level disaster committees, data‑driven decision making and transparent funding mechanisms. They highlighted recent flood incidents as evidence of the bill’s urgency and called for inclusion of modern technologies such as AI and drones. While praising the bill’s progressive elements, some urged amendments to incorporate advanced tech and clearer fund management.

The Senate afternoon sitting reviewed multiple Auditor‑General reports on county financial statements, welcomed university students and expressed condolences for a campus tragedy, and raised concerns about health service capacity and market safety through motions and committee statements. The proceedings were largely procedural with constructive remarks and calls for further oversight. Senators used the afternoon sitting to seek statements from various standing committees on matters such as insecurity in Laikipia, land ownership documentation, road maintenance, alleged financial improprieties at the Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority, and water scarcity in Marsabit. The Deputy Speaker guided the procedural flow, ensuring compliance with standing orders, and a brief welcome was extended to school visitors. Senators debated a petition on land ownership disputes affecting communities in Kwale and Maasai regions, emphasizing that court orders mandating compensation and resettlement have not been implemented. They criticised the government for disregarding these orders, called for urgent enforcement by the relevant committee, and urged respect for the rule of law. The discussion highlighted the need for compensation, protection of ancestral lands, and accountability of state agencies.

The Senate debated land‑related matters, with the Cabinet Secretary outlining digitisation of land records and the handling of disputed school parcels. Senator Osotsi raised a prolonged compensation and burial case linked to pre‑devolution land acquisition, seeking concrete action, while Senator Orwoba commended the ministry’s performance and queried the timeline for transferring devolved housing assets to county control. The Energy and Petroleum Cabinet Secretary outlined accelerated geothermal projects and fast‑tracked transmission line tenders aimed at achieving 100% renewable energy and reducing load‑shedding. Senators raised urgent concerns over a ten‑month power outage in Lamu caused by a damaged pylon and called for quicker repairs, while also highlighting the need for local manufacturing of meters and transformers. The discussion also touched on engaging Independent Power Producers to secure affordable power by 2026. Senators raised concerns over recent power outages caused by flooding and equipment failures, emphasizing the lack of three‑phase electricity for hospitals, schools and a new rice mill. They questioned the Energy Cabinet Secretary on transformer capacity, illegal disconnections, and the government's plan to achieve universal electrification and 100 % renewable energy by 2030. The discussion combined praise for the Cabinet Secretary’s efforts with criticism of ongoing service gaps.

Senator Cherarkey criticised the County Boundaries Bill’s short 90‑day petition deadline, urging extensions to six months to allow thorough review of historically sensitive land issues. He highlighted the importance of public participation, suggested consolidating procedural clauses, and advocated using the term “Parliament” rather than “Senate” to avoid opposition from the National Assembly. The remarks combined constructive proposals with frustration over procedural confusion and inter‑chamber dynamics. Senators highlighted long‑standing challenges in Kenya’s sugar sector—including inadequate infrastructure, high production costs and unchecked imports—and presented the Sugar Bill as a framework to address these issues through improved infrastructure, pricing committees, zoning and stronger stakeholder collaboration. They expressed optimism that the legislation could boost farmer livelihoods, reduce import dependence and bring greater transparency and regulation to the industry. Senators discussed a Bill aimed at reviving Kenya's sugar sector by establishing a dedicated Sugar Board, introducing a levy for farmer support, and restructuring governance away from the Agriculture and Food Authority. They highlighted challenges such as cheap imports, mill inefficiencies, and the need for zoning and privatization to ensure fair pricing and sustainable production. The debate combined criticism of past failures with optimism about the proposed reforms.

The Senate resolved to extend the consideration period for the Sacco Societies Non‑Deposit Taking Levy Order to allow further stakeholder consultation. Members debated procedural motions and reported on the Committee of the Whole’s consideration of the Sugar Board Bill and the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Bill, highlighting benefits for farmers and regulatory oversight. The debate was largely constructive, focusing on legislative scrutiny and implementation mechanisms. The Senate spent the afternoon reviewing and amending the Coffee Bill (Senate Bills No.10 of 2023). Senators moved several amendments concerning licensing, the role of the board versus council, and the requirement for consultation with the council of county governors, with divisions scheduled at the end of each clause. The debate was largely procedural with no overt criticism or praise. The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural motions, including reporting the Committee of the Whole’s consideration of the Coffee Bill and the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Theft Bill, and moving to read these bills a third time with amendments. Senators made several motions to amend specific clauses and secured seconds, with the Temporary Chairperson overseeing the divisions and procedural steps.

Members debated amendments to the Bill, particularly a proposal to require that public memoranda be incorporated into legislation, which was strongly opposed as exceeding constitutional mandates. The discussion also covered the need for seamless information transfer between the two Houses and the appropriate mechanisms for resolving inter‑House disputes, emphasizing internal resolution before resorting to courts. The session began with a quorum call and proceeded with the tabling of the Decentralised Funds Accounts Committee report and a motion to adopt it. Members then moved to read the Statute Law (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill a third time, while the Temporary Chairlady tabled numerous clause amendments, prompting points of order and debate over procedural decorum and quorum adequacy. Members debated amendments to the Bill, notably deleting Clause 4 and Clause 9, to improve scrutiny of delegated legislation, remove problematic sunset clauses and update outdated regulations. The discussion was largely supportive, emphasizing rule‑of‑law and resource efficiency, though a brief exchange highlighted procedural tension and a light‑hearted rebuke about crossing the floor. Overall the tone was constructive with mild conflict.

Members debated the Disaster Management Bill, urging the inclusion of university expertise and warning against purely political appointments. Hon. Mutunga highlighted the Bill’s focus on mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery, stressing coordinated, multi‑sectoral action. The discussion balanced criticism of past shortcomings with broad support for a comprehensive disaster risk management framework. The Temporary Speaker highlighted delays in NG‑CDF fund disbursements and the lack of a response from the Leader of the Majority Party, warning of adverse effects on schools and constituency projects. Members debated the Treasury’s commitment to monthly disbursements, revenue shortfalls, and the need to guard against budgeted corruption, while also noting the absence of key committee chairs and pledging to table budget estimates after recess. Hon. Oundo criticised the Disaster Management Bill for excluding spatial planners, engineers and civil society, and warned that Clause 34 gives the President emergency powers without parliamentary oversight, potentially breaching constitutional rights. Hon. Mugambi, in contrast, endorsed the Bill as a needed legal framework for coordinating disasters, securing funding and establishing databases, while flagging possible conflicts of interest in its institutional design. The exchange showed both strong concerns and supportive arguments about the legislation’s scope and implementation.

Senators and the Cabinet Secretary discussed the urgent need to upgrade the Lwakhakha‑Chwele road corridor and other deteriorating highways, highlighting massive pending bills and accrued interest that strain the road budget. They criticised procurement practices and budget reductions while proposing caps on interest, legislative guidance, and reallocation of maintenance funds to address the Ksh 700 billion arrears and improve road maintenance. Senators discussed the poor condition of key northern roads, linking road upgrades to improved security and reduced banditry. The Cabinet Secretary outlined plans for design work, emergency maintenance, and potential partnerships, while also addressing compensation for displaced residents and temporary upgrades to airstrips for medical emergencies. The exchange highlighted budget constraints but conveyed a collaborative intent to resolve infrastructure challenges. Senators queried the Cabinet Secretary on the firms contracted for Project Safari and other initiatives, seeking clarification on the names McKinsey and Makenzie. The discussion also covered the status of donated Kenya Airways aircraft, explaining their decommissioning, repurposing for training, and the minimal scrap value. The exchange was largely procedural and aimed at providing transparent information to the public.

Members debated a Bill intended to improve coordination between the National Assembly and the Senate and to address revenue division, while highlighting ongoing concerns about county development and health sector mismanagement. The discussion was largely procedural, with motions to report and approve the Division of Revenue Bill, interspersed with points of order and brief humorous exchanges. The debate underscored the urgency of passing legislation to satisfy pending court matters and improve inter‑governmental relations. Members debated the urgent need to amend the Statutory Instruments Act following a court ruling, emphasizing the risk of thousands of expired instruments affecting key institutions. Procedural motions were moved to schedule a morning sitting and to advance the Land Amendment Bill and the Cancer Prevention and Control Amendment Bill, with members expressing both support and criticism of the executive's planning. Members debated the Statutory Instruments (Amendment) Bill, emphasizing the need to revive thousands of regulations that lapsed by operation of law and to strengthen penalties for non‑compliance. The Committee’s work, including public participation and input from the Attorney‑General and KLRC, was praised, and the bill was moved for a second reading. Procedural motions and secondments were also recorded.

The House debated an amendment to the Statute Law (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill to insert a clause that it shall come into force upon gazettement. Hon. Murugara raised concerns about the length of time for gazettement and its effect on the Attorney‑General’s Office, while Hon. Kimani assured expedited processing and noted the withdrawal of certain University Act provisions. The Committee reported approval with amendments, a motion to agree was moved and seconded, and the final question was deferred for later scheduling. The House considered a motion urging the Ministry of Health to develop a national policy to prevent obstetric violence and improve maternal care. Members expressed deep condolences for the seven Kenyatta University students killed in a bus accident and called on the government to cover medical expenses and enhance road safety measures. The debate combined somber mourning with constructive calls for health and transport reforms. The debate focused on the prolonged delay of the Ruring’u Stadium and other sports infrastructure projects, with the Cabinet Secretary attributing setbacks to poor planning, contractor incapacity, and institutional limitations, and outlining a new masterplan and audit to address the issues. Hon. Duncan Mathenge criticised the continued use of the same contractor, demanded a clear completion timeline, and raised concerns about regional equity in stadium development. The exchange combined explanations of corrective measures with strong parliamentary scrutiny and criticism.

Senators debated the need to allocate clear funds for clearing audited pending bills at both national and county levels, linking unresolved payments to slower GDP growth. The discussion also highlighted support for public‑private partnerships and tolling major highways to boost trade corridors, while criticizing short‑term borrowing practices and calling for greater debt transparency. Sen. Oketch Gicheru highlighted the prohibitive fees of professional bodies, linking them to youth unemployment, rising stress, depression and road fatalities, and urged the government to declare a national emergency on road safety. Sen. Cherarkey contested the claims on grounds of human dignity and demanded evidence, prompting the Speaker to order the tabling of data. The exchange reflected tension between senators while focusing on youth welfare and safety issues. Senators highlighted the persistent high number of road deaths in Kenya, praising the establishment of St. John’s Ambulance trauma centres while urging wider county support and stronger NTSA enforcement. They called for improved driver training, clearer insurance compensation, and addressed broader concerns such as road infrastructure upgrades and the abduction of a Meru-based blogger.

Senators Faki and Cheruiyot highlighted Kenya’s debt distress, noting the current debt‑to‑GDP ratio of 68% versus the 55% target for 2029. They criticised the existing programme‑based budgeting and the large number of state corporations, urging zero‑based budgeting and a reduction of state entities to curb spending. The debate combined criticism of the status quo with constructive proposals for fiscal reform. Senators debated the medium‑term debt management strategy, emphasizing the need to curb borrowing, cancel undisbursed loans and shift from a numerical debt ceiling to a GDP‑linked debt anchor. They also called for the privatization or restructuring of loss‑making state entities such as Post Bank, Kenya Airways and KICC to improve fiscal sustainability. The discussion was critical of past borrowing practices but offered constructive proposals for reform. Senators highlighted serious delays in expanding bed capacity at Mama Lucy Hospital and other Level‑Five county facilities, blaming lack of follow‑up by the county governor and stalled contracts. They called for re‑establishing a Committee on Implementation to ensure Senate resolutions are acted upon and raised concerns about delayed subsidised fertilizer distribution, while also supporting infrastructure projects such as LAPSSET, Lake Turkana wind power, and stricter aviation safety measures.

Members debated an omnibus Bill that seeks to amend the structure of the presidential transition, including expanding the Assumption of Office Committee, redefining the role of the National Security Advisor, and relocating the Public Seal. While some MPs, notably Hon. Julius Melly, endorsed the Bill citing committee reports and constitutional alignment, others raised objections to specific provisions such as the inclusion of a security advisor and the removal of the Public Seal from the Attorney‑General’s office. The exchange featured both constructive arguments and sharp criticism, reflecting a mixed tone. Members debated the Division of Revenue Bill, expressing support for vertical revenue sharing while highlighting flaws in the Equalisation Fund allocation and the CRA's ignored recommendations. The discussion turned critical of county governments' reliance on central transfers, poor revenue generation, and perceived misuse of funds, as well as broader economic concerns such as a weakening shilling and debt servicing. Calls were made for greater accountability, better data-driven allocations, and scrutiny of the Road Maintenance Levy Fund. Members debated the Houses of Parliament (Bicameral Relations) Bill, highlighting its aim to establish clear procedures for inter‑House cooperation, dispute resolution, quorum rules, and public participation. Procedural motions were made to defer the question and to read the bill a second time, accompanied by light banter and occasional order‑calling.

The debate focused on the Affordable Housing Bill, with the National Assembly reviewing Senate amendments that introduce county committees, adjust housing levies, and refine the definition of social housing. While most amendments were welcomed as progressive, members noted lingering disagreements over levy penalties and procedural details, urging that remaining issues be resolved through forthcoming Finance and Housing Bills. The speakers emphasized cooperation between the two Houses and the need for timely enactment. The session began with the Speaker welcoming a Finnish delegation to discuss disability and youth inclusion, followed by the laying of multiple committee reports on environment, defence, delegated legislation and affordable housing. Motions were moved to adopt the reports, including the ratification of the African Union Niamey Convention, and procedural acknowledgements were made. The debate was largely procedural with limited substantive contention. The debate centered on the Affordable Housing Bill, with members reviewing Senate‑approved amendments that would add institutional housing and provisions for low‑income Kenyans, while also questioning penalty clauses and the involvement of the NCA. Supporters praised the amendments as a step toward decent student accommodation, whereas opponents warned of constitutional breaches, devolution conflicts, land ownership disputes and the risk of the bill becoming a rubber‑stamp for the executive.

Senate members repeatedly questioned witness Joseph Misati about whether the Deputy Governor was to use his position to secure a recruitment job for the witness’s son, accusing him of evasiveness. Counsel and the Deputy Speaker urged clear yes/no answers, expressing frustration over the lack of direct responses. The exchange highlighted concerns over possible nepotism and the need for accountability in public recruitment processes. Counsel for the County Assembly interrogated witness Joseph Misati about a Ksh 500,000 loan from the Deputy Governor, questioning its intended purpose, alleged overseas travel, and requests to secure jobs for individuals such as Dennis and Lucy at GWASCO. Misati repeatedly claimed lack of awareness, while the counsel pressed for clarification, highlighting concerns over possible misuse of public funds and nepotistic practices. The exchange underscored oversight scrutiny of county officials’ financial and staffing decisions. The Deputy Speaker and the County Assembly counsel interrogated witness Mr. Joseph Misati about a Kshs251,000 payment made during a social feast on 28 May, probing the purpose of the payment, the role of his son Dennis, and discrepancies in his affidavit. The exchange focused on alleged financial mismanagement and the routing of funds to Deputy Governor Robert Monda, revealing tension and criticism of the witness’s explanations.

The session began with Hon. Gladys Boss outlining the re‑constitution and election process for the Committee on Members' Services and Facilities and the Committee of Powers and Privileges, citing relevant Standing Orders. The debate then shifted to Hon. (Dr.) Makali Mulu’s support for the Regional Development Authorities Bill, highlighting inadequate funding, duplication of roles, and unclear devolution of functions as key challenges that the legislation aims to address. Members highlighted the poor compliance of public institutions with the constitutional mandate to employ at least 5% persons with disabilities, noting that only one agency met the threshold. They criticized the 2019 census data, the urban‑centric placement of institutions, and pervasive stigma and poverty affecting disabled Kenyans, while urging better implementation and capacity building. Members raised concerns over the handling of East African Portland Company’s land assets, urging transparent sales to current occupants and better oversight. The debate also highlighted shortcomings in audit practices, delayed documentation, and the need for timely, system‑wide reviews by the Public Investments Committee. Calls were made for stronger institutional memory and adherence to the PFM Act.

The Senate confirmed quorum and announced that the session will be dedicated to the impeachment hearing of Kisii County Deputy Governor Dr. Robert Monda. The Speaker outlined the procedural timetable, invited the legal teams of the County Assembly and the Deputy Governor, and prepared to read the charges against the Deputy Governor. Senators debated the motion to remove the Kisii County Deputy Governor, questioning whether the County Assembly followed standing orders, timelines and admissibility of new evidence. They highlighted procedural irregularities, warned about setting a precedent for future impeachment processes, and discussed the appropriate role of MPs in what was described as a trial‑like setting. The Senate debated the reading of charges against the Deputy Governor of Kisii County, focusing on alleged abuse of office and the unlawful deployment of county enforcement officers. Counsel for the County Assembly sought a summons for the Director of Enforcement to produce appointment documents and clarify the allegations, while Senators pressed for precise references to the supporting documents. The discussion highlighted concerns over the detainee’s medical neglect and the procedural requirements under Rule 10 and Article 50 of the Constitution.

Mr. Dennis Mokaya Misati testified that his family’s life‑savings were lost after a failed business sale and that he subsequently gave money to the Deputy Governor, seeking a refund that has not been received. He described the personal and marital strain, including a miscarriage, and detailed complaints lodged with a County Assembly member and the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission, which summoned a water company CEO. The Senate proceedings included a request for a brief pause for the witness’s emotional state and procedural questioning by the counsel and Senator Khalwale. The Senate’s afternoon sitting featured counsel for the Deputy Governor interrogating witness Mr. Dennis Mokaya Misati about a complaint to the EACC, an alleged facilitation payment, and the lack of supporting documents. The questioning focused on timelines, sources of information, and whether the payment constituted a bribe, with the temporary speaker curbing the duration of the exchange. Senators, led by counsel Mr. Katwa Kigen, interrogated Ms. Lucy Wahito about inconsistencies in the interview dates for the Commercial Manager position, probing whether the dates were altered from 15 May to 25‑26 May 2023. The questioning also focused on the board’s scoring methodology, the appointment of independent members by the county shareholders (Nyamira and Gusii), and the overall governance structure linking the board to the governor. The exchange was largely confrontational and highlighted concerns over procedural transparency.

Members of the National Assembly voiced strong support for a motion to develop a satellite‑based climate change monitoring policy, citing the severe droughts, floods and erratic rains affecting Kenya. They argued that satellite data would improve weather forecasting, aid agricultural planning and enhance disaster preparedness, urging the government to adopt modern technology over traditional methods. The debate highlighted the need for timely, accurate climate information to protect livelihoods and improve resource management. Members highlighted the recent launch of Kenya's Taifa One satellite and advocated for integrating satellite‑based monitoring with AI to improve climate and agricultural forecasting. A separate motion called for a national policy to expand psychiatric services across all health facilities, while another urged the government to recognise and financially support primary caregivers of persons with severe disabilities through a dedicated cash‑transfer programme. All proposals were presented constructively, seeking enhanced social protection and technological advancement. Hon. Atieno Bensuda highlighted the inadequate financial and logistical support for persons with disabilities (PWDs) and their caregivers, urging the government to allocate sufficient funds and integrate disability considerations into budgetary policies. She cited personal observations of neglect, stressed the need for dedicated resources such as the Disability Resource and Information Centre, and called for the National Government Affirmative Action Fund to complement NG‑CDF allocations. The speech combined criticism of current gaps with a call for coordinated, affirmative action.

Senators debated a series of amendments to the affordable housing Bill, centring on whether proposed clauses breach constitutional property‑rights provisions and the appropriate role of county versus national agencies. The discussion featured strong opposition to certain amendments, motions to delete or insert paragraphs in the Bill’s schedules, and procedural disputes over speaking rights. The tone was contentious with both constructive proposals and sharp criticism. Senators voiced frustration over delayed Treasury disbursements that are hampering the operation of their offices, while also welcoming a student delegation and highlighting local development achievements. The session then moved to procedural business, including the rearrangement of the order paper and several amendment motions on a housing‑related bill. Senators debated whether to extend the afternoon sitting to complete consideration of the Affordable Housing Bill. Opposition members accused the Majority Leader and Deputy Speaker of rushing the process and abusing rules, while the Deputy Speaker defended the extension as necessary and procedural. The exchange highlighted tensions over legislative timing and procedural authority.

Members criticised Kenya’s persistent tribalism, regionalism and corruption as obstacles to development, contrasting the country’s past economic standing with current challenges. The debate focused on a Bill to restructure regional authorities and align them with the 2010 Constitution’s county system, emphasizing the need for qualified board members and clearer functional divisions. While the tone highlighted serious shortcomings, it also expressed optimism that the reforms could improve governance and development. Members debated the persistent marginalisation of regions and the need for clearer mandates and stronger oversight of development authorities, calling for amendments to define natural resources and enhance climate‑change adaptation. Hon. Saney criticised unfulfilled promises and mismanagement, while Hon. Melly supported consolidating authorities under one law and proposed restricting activities to their core mandates. Members, chiefly from the UDA, pressed the Deputy Speaker for an urgent response to a shortage of subsidised fertilizer affecting farmers in the North and South Rift, urging a three‑day resolution before the planting season. The Deputy Speaker and other MPs reminded the House of procedural rules, noting that a formal motion and a one‑week notice are required for such requests. The debate also highlighted the broader impact on fertilizer prices and the need for a regional, not just local, solution.

The Senate debated the Heritage and Museums Bill, with members highlighting its provisions for heritage inspectors, a tribunal, and the repeal of the 2006 Act to align with the 2010 Constitution. Senators emphasized the need for stronger county involvement, adequate funding, and citizen responsibility in preserving Kenya’s cultural sites. The session also welcomed a delegation of students, underscoring the educational role of parliamentary proceedings. Senators debated a Bill aimed at strengthening the protection of Kenya's indigenous cultures by mandating county-level museums, enabling the return of illegally exported artefacts, and fostering tourism circuits across counties. The speakers praised the legislation as progressive, urging counties to allocate budgets and implement the provisions to preserve heritage and generate income. The Senate afternoon sitting opened with quorum, welcomed delegations from Zambia, South Sudan, Kilifi County Assembly staff, and school students, and proceeded with procedural business. Senators sought a statement on the delayed Sololo Level 4 Hospital in Marsabit, highlighting concerns over healthcare delivery. The session combined ceremonial acknowledgments with substantive oversight requests.

Members debated a Bill that would allocate revenues from natural resources between the national government and counties, with Hon. Makali Mulu urging clear benefit‑sharing formulas, public participation and infrastructure support. The Deputy Speaker highlighted procedural concerns, noting the Bill’s classification as a Money Bill despite originating in the Senate, while also acknowledging its potential to empower local communities. Both speakers called for a transparent framework to ensure equitable distribution and avoid legal challenges. Members debated two constitutional amendment proposals: one to protect constituencies that have not met the population threshold from being merged, and another to allow the IEBC CEO to conduct by‑elections when the commission is not fully constituted. They highlighted concerns over representation, fairness and the need for dynamic constitutional provisions, while expressing support for the motions. Members raised a petition highlighting systemic unfair labour practices affecting medical interns and contract health workers, citing broken promises under the Kericho Declaration and inadequate remuneration. The debate also referenced police brutality against health professionals, urging the House to ensure justice and proper implementation of health sector agreements. The Speaker reminded members of standing orders while allowing limited comments on the issue.

The Senate considered a motion to establish a special committee to investigate the impeachment of Kisii County’s Deputy Governor, which faced procedural challenges over securing a seconder. Subsequent business included electronic voting on amendments to the Water Amendment Bill and the reporting of the Care and Protection of Child Parents Bill. The session proceeded with routine procedural motions and votes. Senators debated the affordable‑housing bill, with the minority questioning tax burdens, alleged misallocation of funds and demanding evidence of a tragic case, while the majority defended the scheme as a constitutional right, a means to clear slums and create jobs for youth. The exchange was marked by accusations, applause and strong partisan language, reflecting a contentious but substantive discussion. Senators debated the Affordable Housing Bill, stressing its importance for addressing Kenya’s housing shortage, improving sanitation, and creating employment for youth and civil servants. They highlighted deplorable conditions in places like Langata Women’s Prison and Kibra, and criticised opponents for politicising the issue, urging cross‑party cooperation. The discussion also touched on the need for local procurement and support for TVET‑trained workers.

The Senate session began with procedural formalities before senators presented multiple Auditor‑General reports on county funds and raised concerns about alleged recruitment fraud and the performance of the e‑Citizen digital payment platform. Debate centred on whether to seek committee statements or direct answers from the Cabinet Secretary, with some members expressing frustration over the latter’s absence. The Speaker managed the proceedings, urging order and noting procedural deferments. Senators highlighted broad stakeholder participation in the BPS agenda, noting the focus on bottom‑up economic transformation and the impact of exchange‑rate depreciation on debt. The chamber then debated several amendments to the Water Services Bill, chiefly removing cabinet‑approval language to safeguard the regulator’s independence, while conducting routine procedural votes. Senators raised proposals for a dedicated mental health fund targeting vulnerable groups and praised a tree‑planting initiative, while repeatedly highlighting the shortfall in county allocations, pending bills and the need to raise the shareable revenue to Kshs 415 billion. They criticised governors for poor utilisation of funds, urged faster settlement of Kshs 74 billion in pending loans, and called for stronger support to agriculture and climate‑related projects.

Members debated the Natural Resources (Benefit Sharing) Bill, highlighting gaps in the existing Mining Act 2016 and the need for clear, community‑focused benefit‑sharing agreements. Concerns were raised about revenue management, potential corruption, and overlapping institutional mandates, while urging stronger oversight and coordination between counties and the national government. The discussion called for legislative clarity to ensure that mineral royalties and royalties benefit local communities rather than private interests. The debate focused on the approval of the FY 2024/25 Budget Policy Statement, with the Speaker commending the work of the Budget and Appropriations Committee and departmental committees. Members highlighted Kenya’s strong GDP growth, declining inflation, and the role of fiscal and monetary policies, while outlining allocations for agricultural inputs and other priority sectors. The discussion was largely constructive, emphasizing achievements and future policy directions. The House adopted the Eighth Report of the Special Funds Accounts and moved to adopt the Budget and Appropriations Committee report on the FY 2024/25 budget ceilings. Hon. Mishi Mboko tabled a motion urging the government to integrate mental health services into all health facilities, highlighting gaps in psychiatric care. A procedural issue was raised concerning the follow‑up on the Constitutional Amendment Bill on the Independent Electoral Boundaries Commission, which was directed to the order paper for later consideration.

The Senate adopted the 2024 Budget Policy Statement and renewed the mandate of the Ad Hoc Committee investigating compensation for the 1998 embassy bombing. Question Time collapsed after multiple Cabinet Secretaries cited scheduling conflicts, prompting Senator Kathuri to criticize the lack of timely communication and respect for the House. Procedural notices and motions continued amid a mix of constructive approvals and expressed frustration. Senators criticised the repeated absence of Cabinet Secretaries from committee and plenary sessions, demanding immediate appearances and invoking constitutional provisions. The debate also touched on the two‑thirds gender rule in the NADCO report and proposals to impose automatic fines on absent ministers under Rule 51(d). Senators debated the need for targeted infrastructure, education, and water projects in marginalized counties to curb insecurity and promote development, urging affirmative action in employment and public service recruitment. They also highlighted concerns over the allocation and use of devolved funds, community development agreements in mining, and called for stronger county oversight. The discussion combined constructive proposals with sharp criticism of current implementation gaps.

Members highlighted the inadequacy of current climate‑monitoring systems, citing recent drought‑related livestock losses and severe floods, and urged the development of robust policies, satellite‑based data collection and a supporting legal framework. While criticism was directed at government preparedness, there was also acknowledgment of the President’s focus on climate issues and a call for concrete programmes to protect agriculture, livelihoods and security. Members praised the proposed cotton Bill, highlighting cotton’s potential to boost incomes and create jobs in Kenya’s arid and semi‑arid regions. They called for a dedicated cotton authority, subsidies, seed provision and stronger national‑county partnerships to revive processing factories and make locally produced cloth affordable. The debate was largely supportive, emphasizing economic revitalisation through cotton farming. The Temporary Speaker deferred the question to a later sitting before Hon. Abdul Haro moved a motion urging the Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry to develop a policy for using satellite technology to monitor climate and weather patterns. He highlighted Kenya’s recent launch of the Taifa‑1 satellite and the need for accurate, timely data to combat droughts, floods and other climate‑related risks. Hon. Malulu Injendi seconded the motion, praising the satellite as a Kenyan achievement and emphasizing its potential for disaster management, environmental monitoring, and agricultural resilience.

The Senate discussed the need to professionalise the public service and addressed concerns about falsified academic credentials, before moving on to the County Boundaries Bill, a fourth attempt to give effect to Article 188 of the Constitution. Senators highlighted historical ambiguities in county delineations, ongoing inter‑county disputes, and the importance of a clear legislative framework to prevent conflict. The session deferred the bill’s question and called for bipartisan support in future deliberations. Senators debated the County Boundaries Bill, highlighting the need for experienced mediators and defending the principle of devolution for Nairobi while referencing existing urban governance legislation. They cited the Urban Areas and Cities Act and the NADCO report, urging bipartisan support to finally resolve long‑standing county boundary disputes. The discussion combined constructive endorsement of the Bill with critiques of proposed qualifications and procedural concerns. The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural matters, including the division on the Water (Amendment) Bill and the reporting of voting results. Senator Joe Nyutu highlighted the importance of integrity, transparency and meritocracy in the public service, urging the PSC to address politicisation of County Public Service Boards and the issue of ghost workers. He called for audits and professionalisation of county public service structures.

Members debated Kenya's high public debt, costly borrowing and interest rates, urging that loans be tied to specific development programmes and that fiscal deficits be reduced. They highlighted the need to renegotiate undrawn loan commitments, explore natural resource revenues, and sustain the recent decline in the deficit‑to‑GDP ratio. The discussion combined criticism of past borrowing practices with constructive proposals for debt management. The Committee heard testimonies from civil society groups and the Council of Governors on the Natural Resources (Benefit Sharing) Bill, highlighting concerns that the proposed 40% county share may not reach local communities and that environmental harms could outweigh short‑term gains. Hon. David Gikaria emphasized the need for a clear, constitutional framework for benefit‑sharing authorities and warned about foreign profit extraction and resource depletion. The debate balanced support for the bill’s intent with criticism of its implementation details and legal footing. The session began with the Speaker welcoming members of the East African Legislative Assembly and outlining the upcoming regional meeting. Members raised procedural matters, including a request to incorporate election‑law amendments and a petition from doctors concerning staffing and training, which the Speaker directed for prompt consideration. The House also tabled the Budget and Appropriations Committee report on the 2024/2025 Budget Policy Statement for upcoming debate.

Senators debated the Public Service (Values and Principles) Amendment Bill, urging its passage to enforce merit‑based recruitment, ethnic and gender balance, and inclusion of persons with disabilities. They criticised pervasive tribalism, clan‑based appointments and family capture in county administrations, calling for audits and stricter adherence to Article 232 of the Constitution. The discussion combined strong condemnation of current practices with constructive support for the reform bill. Senators highlighted persistent problems with county pension fund management, noting the absence of a unifying law and past parliamentary inaction. They called for a multi‑sectoral forum and a Treasury‑appointed task force to harmonise pension balances, address interest charges and draft specific legislation. The debate combined criticism of previous parliaments with constructive proposals to protect pensioners and improve the pension system. Senators urged the Senate to act on committee recommendations and summon county governors to explain the failure to remit pension contributions, emphasizing the hardship faced by retirees and pending pension bills. They also praised the recent split of the County Public Accounts and Investments Committee and suggested further subdivision to enhance oversight. The debate highlighted broader concerns about county accountability and the impact on vulnerable citizens.

Members, led by Hon. Ojiambo Oundo, vehemently rejected the Employment (Amendment) Bill, describing it as vague, retrogressive and a waste of parliamentary time. They argued that fixed working‑hour provisions ignore the realities of teachers, essential services and the shift toward output‑based, flexible work, and called for legislation that focuses on job security, better pay and productivity. The debate emphasized the need to prioritize substantive labour reforms over what they deemed a trivial amendment. Members debated a proposed labour‑relations bill, tracing Kenya’s employment history and questioning which court would handle breaches of its provisions. The discussion highlighted procedural concerns, inconsistencies with existing employment and public service legislation, and the potential impact on overtime and civil servant rights. The speakers collectively opposed the bill, urging its rejection. Members highlighted serious technical problems with the KUCCPS online placement portal, including payment delays, bandwidth constraints and system crashes that forced students to apply at odd hours. They praised the Departmental Committee’s prompt response but called for immediate fixes, better testing, and transparency on capitation funds for students not registered on NEMIS. The debate underscored the need for stronger ICT infrastructure and clearer budgeting oversight in the education sector.

Senators debated the high cost of electricity in Kenya, urging the adoption of waste‑to‑energy projects, locally produced smart meters and greater accountability at Kenya Power to curb transmission losses. They also explored alternative energy options, including small modular nuclear reactors, while calling for swift implementation of committee recommendations. The discussion combined criticism of current policies with constructive proposals for sustainable power generation. Senators used the afternoon sitting to condemn harassment of journalists and call for stronger protection of media freedom, urging the Senate to enforce constitutional rights to information. They also criticised county governors for undermining devolution and highlighted procedural bottlenecks in bill processing, proposing a 14‑day rule for committee reviews. The debate combined constructive proposals with sharp criticism of county‑level governance failures. Senators debated the high cost of electricity in Kenya, blaming the KPC monopoly and urging the licensing of additional providers to improve access and affordability. They highlighted the sector’s debt burden and called for investigations, while also promoting renewable options such as hydro, wave, solar and wind to lower costs and environmental impact. The session included a welcome to a visiting school delegation, reflecting a constructive element amid the criticism.

Hon. (Dr) John K Mutunga highlighted the vast employment and export potential of Kenya's cotton sector, urging the government to subsidise inputs, electricity and support contract farming to boost production. He praised recent policy moves but warned that outdated processing mills, weak value‑chain coordination and lack of market guarantees hinder growth. The speech calls for coordinated public‑private action to revitalize the industry. The session began with routine procedural matters before members raised a motion urging the government to grant priority boarding privileges to Kenya Defence and Special Forces personnel. Debate then shifted to the Public Service Commission (Amendment) Bill, with criticism of the prevalence of acting appointments that are seen to hinder effective service delivery, especially in health and other key sectors. A brief interjection also sought clarification from the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission. Members debated the Public Service Commission (Amendment) Bill, highlighting the need to limit acting appointments to six months, set a clear retirement age of 60, and improve the pension system for retirees. They also stressed the importance of mentoring younger civil servants and creating opportunities for youth employment. Overall, the speakers expressed support for the amendment while critiquing current practices that hinder efficiency and youth participation.

The House debated the heavy workload of the Public Petitions Committee, with members urging referral of technical petitions to substantive committees, while the Speaker clarified the committee’s lack of authority to surrender petitions. The session also adopted the Public Accounts Committee’s report on the 2020/21 revenue figures, noting a slight decline in collections, and included procedural business, student visits, and a welcome to a delegation from Malawi. Members raised urgent concerns over the malfunctioning KUCCPS portal, which is preventing many students from applying for university and TVET placements before the extended deadline. The debate then shifted to the Women Enterprise Fund, with the Cabinet Secretary addressing questions about interest rates, loan recovery, credit limits and the fund’s future digital or manual operations. Both issues were discussed with a mix of criticism over current shortcomings and calls for prompt remedial action. Members debated the procurement and distribution of free sanitary towels to public schools, questioning the shift of responsibility from County MPs to the Ministry of Gender and seeking assurance of timely, non‑discriminatory supply. The Cabinet Secretary affirmed that funds have been appropriated and the programme will be implemented as pledged by the President, while members interjected humor and sought clarification on the correct ministerial authority. The exchange combined constructive assurances with criticism and light‑hearted remarks.

Senators debated the government's handling of fertilizer distribution and the need for a local fertilizer factory, while also pressing the Cabinet Secretary for clearer regulations on sugarcane transport, weighbridges and the alleged theft by cartels. The Deputy Speaker highlighted concerns over taxation narratives and the lack of transparent accounting for Ksh1.3 billion spent on sugarcane farmers. The discussion mixed criticism of current policies with optimism about upcoming fertilizer production projects. Senators questioned the Cabinet Secretary on the status, funding and timelines of several water infrastructure projects, including the Athi‑Tana, Kibuka and Thwake dams, as well as the Mzima Springs pipeline. The minister responded with updates on project evaluations, PPP arrangements and plans to re‑advertise for investors, while acknowledging delays and the need for more information. The session concluded with procedural motions to move on to the next set of questions. Senators highlighted the severe impact of drought on livestock and a looming glut in the Mombasa tea auction that threatens farmer incomes and foreign‑exchange earnings. The Cabinet Secretary detailed government responses, including artificial insemination programmes for ASALs, a new fertilizer distribution plan, and upcoming tea export agreements with China to stabilise the market. He also expressed appreciation for the senators' concerns and outlined steps to address the issues.

Members debated several statutory amendments, supporting the removal of Utamaduni Day as a public holiday and urging the incorporation of technology into the Traffic Act to curb offences and corruption. They also backed reforms to the Sexual Offences Act for better record‑keeping, while expressing caution over VAT and ethanol‑related changes due to concerns about illicit brews. The discussion was framed by condolences for recent road fatalities and a call for improved road safety. The session featured a heated exchange over allegations that parliamentary committees were being intimidated to rubber‑stamp the budget, which were denied by Hon. George Murugara, who called for evidence and emphasized the Speaker's protection of committee independence. The House also proceeded with an amendment to the Public Accounts Committee report to correct revenue figures, and welcomed a Tanzanian parliamentary delegation. Hon. Esther Passaris highlighted audit failures of 23 state corporations, especially in the health sector, urging autonomy for hospitals like Mathari and a strict EACC probe into Ksh1.6 billion of unaccounted funds. Other members, such as Hon. Emmanuel Wangwe, supported the report and discussed splitting the Public Investments Committee into sectoral units, while procedural points were raised throughout the sitting.

Senators criticised the lack of exit clauses in power purchase agreements, high electricity tariffs, Kenya Power's mounting debt and excessive system losses, while urging court review and a performance audit of the energy sector. They also highlighted regulatory lapses by EPRA, transformer shortages, and questioned the reliance on Independent Power Producers, proposing greater focus on geothermal and even nuclear options. The debate combined strong criticism with constructive recommendations for reform. Senators criticised the high cost of electricity, calling for the termination of monopolistic licences, greater competition and a thorough audit of Kenya Power’s billing to recover alleged fraud. They urged swift release of pending regulations and praised the committee’s report while also welcoming university students and highlighting the link between cheaper power and industrialisation. Senators warned that Kenya is suffering prolonged blackouts because of inadequate transmission lines, over‑reliance on a single sub‑station and high transmission losses, while existing power purchase agreements favour producers and drive up costs. They proposed separating KETRACO and Kenya Power duties, expanding renewable and nuclear generation, tightening governance and procurement, and tackling illegal connections and wayleave fees to lower costs and improve reliability.

Hon. John Mbadi urged Parliament to allocate more resources to the Office of the Auditor‑General to enable thorough forensic audits, and he presented a litany of alleged procurement irregularities and fraudulent expenditures across multiple state departments. He called for the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission to investigate these cases, highlighting losses to the public treasury and the need for accountability. The debate focused on the Public Accounts Committee presenting the Auditor‑General's report for the 2020/21 financial year, highlighting serious lapses in property lease management by the NPSC and deficiencies in accounting and audit practices across ministries. Members praised the committee’s diligence while urging the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission to investigate alleged loss of public funds and to hold negligent accountants personally liable. The discussion underscored the need for stronger parliamentary oversight of public finances. Members highlighted serious shortcomings in the 2020/2021 audit, including stalled projects, weak internal audits, and poor treasury cash releases that have hampered service delivery. They called for stronger internal controls, better liability management, and reforms to public procurement and contract payment processes, urging the President's retreats to address these issues. The debate also stressed the need to clarify the National Treasury's role in commercial terms and to explore innovative debt‑management solutions.