Sittings

Senators raised concerns about the adequacy of Kenya’s diplomatic staffing in the United States, the historic lack of female ambassadors to the USA, regional equity in foreign service appointments, diaspora registration policies, and the status of compensation for Kenyan bomb‑blast victims in negotiations with the US Congress. The Prime Cabinet Secretary acknowledged resource constraints, highlighted ongoing automation and staffing cycles, denied gender discrimination, and pledged to improve funding and address the raised issues. Senators highlighted the dire conditions of Kenyan diaspora members, urging faster compensation, improved e‑Citizen consular services, and legal representation across host countries. They raised specific cases of Kenyans stranded in Saudi Arabia and Lebanon, calling for evacuation mechanisms, emergency funding, and clearer government action, while noting occasional positive responses from the Cabinet Secretary. Senators discussed the recent IPU meetings, highlighting the need for parliamentary committees on science and technology and the development of an ethics charter for emerging technologies. The debate also addressed broader concerns such as corruption, climate change, terrorism and the importance of peace initiatives through the UN. Overall, members expressed support for international cooperation while urging stronger domestic action on these issues.

The Deputy Speaker announced that the House lacked a quorum, ordered the Quorum Bell to be rung twice, and subsequently adjourned the morning sitting until the afternoon session at 2.30 p.m. No substantive policy debate took place.

Sen. Kajwang criticised Kenya’s tribal‑based electoral framework and called for a radical overhaul of the electoral system and greater transparency from the IEBC, citing the loss of public data portals. Sen. Nyutu supported amendments to the Election Offences Act, highlighting specific fraud tactics such as vote‑count manipulation and abuse of assisted‑voter provisions, and urged stricter penalties. Both senators urged swift passage of broader reform bills, including NADCO legislation. Sen. Omogeni advocated for an amendment that would criminalise any alteration of election results and enforce the use of gazetted polling stations, citing past cases of manipulation and delays. He argued the bill is bipartisan, aimed at restoring public trust and improving the efficiency of Kenya’s electoral process. The Temporary Speaker intervened to manage the debate. Senators debated amendments to the election law aimed at holding officers accountable for preventing voting and mishandling ballots, with several members expressing support for the Bill. The discussion broadened to call for an anti‑campaign lies law after citing alleged false statements by politicians, prompting a point of order over personal attacks and procedural compliance.

Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua used the afternoon sitting to refute a series of allegations concerning ownership of hotels, land parcels and a helicopter landing site, presenting wills, sale agreements and other documents as evidence. He also denied involvement in the alleged Ksh3.7 billion irregular procurement of mosquito nets, arguing that the tender process was proper and that no undue pressure was applied. Throughout, he invited further scrutiny and legal challenge while asserting that no misconduct occurred during his tenure as Deputy President. Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua used the sitting to categorically deny a series of corruption and misconduct allegations, asserting no evidence links him to payments made to Lusona Events, St. Nicholas Rehabilitation, or the diversion of highway materials. He also defended his public comments on Nairobi River evictions and his legal complaint against a judge, invoking constitutional provisions to justify his actions. The debate centered on his rebuttal of the motions and the request to view supporting video evidence. Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua defended his actions against illicit alcohol and drug abuse, rejecting accusations that he undermines devolution or should be impeached. He highlighted meetings with governors, county assemblies, and various agencies, and cited power‑sharing agreements as lawful and supportive of national cohesion. The debate also touched on his oath of office, the role of the National Intelligence Service, and broader political coalition dynamics.

Members presented a series of accusations against Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua, alleging he misled the public about the National Intelligence Service, interfered with a KEMSA mosquito‑net tender by pressuring officials to release a bid bond, and misrepresented the loss of funds from the Global Fund. The speaker urged the House to adopt the evidence and vote for impeachment, framing the Deputy President’s actions as reckless, insubordinate and damaging to Kenya’s governance and international partnerships. The National Assembly convened to consider a special motion to impeach Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua, following a public participation exercise and a compiled report. The Speaker emphasized procedural compliance, criticized the Deputy President’s media interview as inappropriate, and instructed members to maintain decorum during the debate. The motion was formally moved and the House prepared for a vote later in the day. Hon. Gladys Boss used the debate to correct a previous claim about former Chief Justice Nancy Baraza and then launched a detailed accusation against the Deputy President, alleging multiple constitutional breaches, insubordination, and even treasonous conduct that she says merit impeachment. She cited his public dissent from the Finance Bill, the Nairobi Rivers Commission decisions, breaches of the Official Secrets Act, and inflammatory rally chants. The Speaker intervened to manage the proceedings.

The Senate afternoon sitting focused on a series of amendment motions to the Gambling Control Bill, including the insertion of a lottery tax clause and various renumbering and substitution of clauses. Senators debated the existence and review mechanisms of the proposed tax, with procedural interruptions and calls for clarification. The debate was marked by both constructive legislative proposals and noticeable tension over procedural matters. Senators debated several amendments to the health bill, including adding maternal and neonatal death statistics with root‑cause analysis to Clause 13 and expanding pre‑conception care and traditional birth‑attendant provisions in Clauses 6 and 14. A procedural dispute arose over consolidating the amendments proposed by Sen. Omtatah and Dr. Khalwale, marked by remarks on professional expertise. The discussion remained focused on improving health indicators while navigating interpersonal tensions. The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural motions to amend various clauses of several bills, including the Tea (Amendment) Bill, the Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Bill, and the Gambling Control Bill. Senators moved, seconded, and debated specific wording changes, with divisions scheduled at the end of the session. The chair emphasized the need for quorum during upcoming divisions.

Senators debated the need for greater transparency and accountability of political party finances, urging party secretaries to disclose subscription and public funds usage. The discussion focused on amending the Political Parties (Amendment) Bill, particularly Clause 33(b) concerning the composition of a regulatory commission, and addressed broader issues such as party‑hopping and minority representation in party leadership. Sen. Osotsi used the debate to champion the Political Parties (Amendment) Bill, arguing for an independent five‑member regulatory commission to replace the politicised Registrar of Political Parties. He praised the Orange Democratic Movement as the only fully compliant party, criticised other parties and the current registrar’s practices, and called for rigorous auditing of party registrations and funding allocations. The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural matters, including the deferment of county plenary sessions to 2025 and the adoption of several committee reports, notably on diversity and inclusivity in state agency staffing and on county public investment audits. The Speaker highlighted recent Treasury reports on new government loans and the MSME credit guarantee scheme, while Senators raised statements concerning road conditions and budget allocations in Samburu County. Overall, the debate was largely formal and report‑driven with limited partisan conflict.

Sen. Tabitha Mutinda outlined the legal debate over county revenue transfers, citing Attorney‑General advice that permits up to 50 % of the previous year’s allocation and detailing recent payments and a Ksh 42 billion absorption shortfall. The Cabinet Secretary for National Treasury responded with revised development budget figures for FY 2022/23, explained the complexity of tracking pending bills and conditional grants, and referenced supporting appendices. Both speakers emphasized the need for timely fund absorption and clearer reporting to counties and Parliament. The Treasury Cabinet Secretary defended the introduction of a variable convenience fee on the e‑Citizen platform, citing service provider costs and an inter‑ministerial decision. Senators questioned the justification for the fees, the government’s control over the e‑Citizen system, whether it operates under a BOT or lease arrangement, and called for audit details of the service provider. The exchange combined explanatory remarks with critical inquiries, reflecting a mixed tone. Senators raised concerns about integrating a new pension management information system with the Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) to avoid past delays and rent‑seeking practices. The Cabinet Secretary outlined plans to automate pension transfers, centralise statutory deductions, and accelerate IFMIS development to be rolled out by the end of the fiscal year, while also noting public participation in the budgeting process.

Members of the National Assembly debated a motion to establish science museums throughout Kenya, arguing that such institutions would preserve cultural heritage, support education and research, and create employment opportunities for youth. They stressed the need for county‑wide coverage to ensure regional inclusion, promote tourism, and address challenges such as unemployment and health research, particularly cancer. The overall tone was supportive and constructive. Hon. John Kiarie asserted that much of what is credited to Greek and Roman civilization actually originates from ancient African societies, claiming that knowledge was stolen and that Africa’s historical contributions have been erased. Hon. Charles Nguna offered a counter‑point about the limited African contact of Greek philosophers, while the Deputy and Temporary Speakers managed procedural interjections. Hon. John Kiarie moved a motion to establish a science museum that would preserve Kenya's indigenous scientific and technological innovations and serve as a hub for researchers, policymakers and the public. The Temporary Speaker guided the procedural steps, Hon. Elisha seconded the motion, and several members voiced support, highlighting the need to safeguard traditional knowledge and position Kenya in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Members thanked the Cabinet Secretary but voiced strong concerns about river pollution from informal settlements and slaughterhouses, recurring floods in Budalangi and water scarcity in Teso North. They urged concrete actions such as improved sewerage, flood‑control structures, water pipelines or dams, and community‑based environmental programmes. The debate combined appreciation with criticism, highlighting the need for practical implementation of policies. Members raised concerns about severe environmental degradation in constituencies such as Wajir South, Baringo and the Tana Delta, questioning government actions on desertification, illegal forest gazettement, charcoal burning and the Prosopis juliflora invasion. They also sought clarification on the utilisation of carbon credits and climate‑financing mechanisms, while the Temporary Speaker repeatedly reminded them to stay within the Order Paper. The tone combined criticism of the situation with occasional appreciation for the Cabinet Secretary’s efforts. The Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change and Forestry defended the government’s handling of forest gazettement, pledged to review disputed declarations and highlighted the allocation of 40% of carbon credit revenues to local communities. Members raised concerns about the legitimacy of forest designations, the role of UNHCR in refugee‑camp fuel use, and the need for greater parliamentary oversight through petitions, while also discussing climate finance and tree‑planting initiatives. The Temporary Speaker noted the debate was highly animated and concluded the session.

Senators Olekina and Cherarkey urged the Treasury to apply the already‑assented Division of Revenue Act and County Allocation of Revenue Act, arguing that counties are being starved of funds due to procedural delays. They criticised the government's reluctance to release the Ksh 401 billion allocation and rejected any amendment to the law before payments are made, citing Article 219 of the Constitution. The Deputy Speaker managed the debate, enforcing time limits and procedural order. Senators highlighted gaps in the County Allocation of Revenue Act that delay fund disbursement to counties and questioned the role of the Finance and Budget Committee in overseeing these allocations. The Senate also scrutinized the nomination of David Kibet Kemei as Director General of the Competition Authority, raising concerns about his qualifications, references, and past conduct. Procedural remarks by the Deputy and Temporary Speakers moved the debate forward. Senator Tabitha Mutinda defended the vetting of Mr Kibet as CAK nominee, emphasizing his experience, qualifications and compliance with constitutional non‑discrimination provisions while addressing concerns about age and tribal issues. She also highlighted the Treasury Secretary’s update on county fund disbursements, questioning why salaries and bills remain delayed despite available resources, and called for continued oversight and timely requisition by counties. The motion on the nominee was requested to be deferred.

Senators debated the nomination of David Kibet Kemei as Director General of the Competition Authority, with concerns raised about procedural irregularities and alleged regional discrimination. While some members, notably Sen. Olekina, defended the appointment and highlighted broader economic issues such as telecom competition and support for milk farmers, others, like Sen. Chute, opposed the motion citing unfair resource allocation. The Senate approved the nomination of Mr. David Kibet Kemei as Director‑General of the Competition Authority after a thorough vetting of his academic credentials, professional experience and ethics clearances. Senators Mutinda and Dr. Khalwale highlighted his extensive background and unanimously supported the appointment, while the Speaker addressed procedural matters, including the redirection of a petition on county deputy governors to the appropriate committee. Senators highlighted the importance of the Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK) in tackling unfair competition and urged it to address market dominance, especially in telecommunications. The debate centred on the appointment of David Kibet Kemei as CAK Director‑General, with concerns raised about bypassing qualified internal candidates and alleged political interference by the Prime Cabinet Secretary. The temporary speaker pressed for evidence to substantiate the claims, reflecting a contentious but issue‑focused discussion.

The debate detailed the Ministry of Health's use of a specially permitted procurement procedure (SPPP) to award a Ksh5 billion digital health system contract to a consortium led by Safaricom, with partners Konvergenz Network Solutions and Apeiro. Members highlighted legal compliance, the system’s scope as a national health‑information superhighway, and addressed concerns about power and internet connectivity in remote hospitals, noting mitigation measures such as offline functionality and power‑bank provisions. The discussion combined defensive explanations of the procurement’s legitimacy with acknowledgment of implementation challenges. The National Assembly convened for an afternoon sitting, introduced a delegation from the Nigerian Senate, and proceeded with routine procedural business. The main focus shifted to a Special Motion by Hon. Mwengi Mutuse to impeach Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua, citing alleged unexplained assets and violations of the Proceeds of Crime and Money Laundering Act, which drew applause from members. Additional motions, including a note on the OACPS‑EU Parliamentary Assembly report, were also tabled. Members vehemently criticised the Ksh104 billion health information system, accusing the government of single‑sourcing, lack of public participation and potential corruption, and warned of its financial burden. They also raised practical concerns about the transition from NHIF to the new Social Health Insurance Fund and its impact on patients with chronic conditions. The Deputy Speaker limited the debate, directing speakers to keep remarks brief and on‑topic.

Members praised the Bill for extending Special Economic Zones and digital services to every ward, citing benefits for remote areas like Wajir North and opportunities for youth and AI-driven growth. At the same time, they warned of risks such as misinformation, cyber‑crime, moral decay, over‑dependence on technology, and urged that the new authority remain lean to avoid costly bureaucracy. Members debated the need for expanded laparoscopic gynecology capacity in Kenya, highlighting the shortage of trained surgeons and equipment. Hon. Millie Odhiambo shared personal reproductive‑health experiences, while Hon. Pukose urged the House to allocate budget for equipment and training, amid procedural interruptions and remarks on professional authority. The afternoon sitting began with a brief tribute before moving to a discussion on the collapsed Membley Bridge in Ruiru, where Hon. Simon King’ara urged the use of the Emergency Fund for rapid reconstruction and the committee chair pledged to prioritise the project. The Majority Party leader then delivered the Thursday statement outlining upcoming bills and motions, and the House welcomed a school delegation. Procedural exchanges continued throughout the session.

The Senate session opened with Sen. Kajwang urging strong African leadership on climate finance ahead of COP29 and tabling the Abidjan Declaration. The remainder of the sitting was procedural, with several senators seeking statements from standing committees on issues such as flood compensation, medical negligence, FGM criminalisation, the County Aggregation and Industrial Parks project, tea bonuses and workplace lactation facilities. The tone was largely formal and constructive, though the range of concerns reflects underlying challenges. Senators used the afternoon sitting to celebrate the achievements of footballer Esse Mbeyu Akida, lauding her international club career and her role as a role model for Kenyan youth, especially girls. The debate highlighted the rising popularity of women’s football in Kenya and called for greater governmental support for sports development. Applause and laughter underscored the largely positive and congratulatory tone of the session. Sen. Ali Roba criticised the persistent under‑funding and legal irregularities surrounding the Equalisation Fund, calling the situation a breach of constitutional commitments and urging both Houses to act. The remainder of the sitting consisted of routine statements from various committee chairs reporting on their activities in ICT, justice, and labour/social welfare. The debate combined sharp criticism with standard procedural updates.

Senators highlighted the absence and poor condition of Huduma centres in Tana River and other remote areas, demanding upgrades, funding and preferential attention. The Cabinet Secretary acknowledged a zero‑development budget, pledged a priority visit and urged budgetary support, while also addressing broader service delivery issues such as the NHIF‑to‑SHA transition and accessibility for persons with disabilities. The Speaker facilitated the exchange, noting the need for coordinated action across ministries. The Senate session began with the laying of Auditor General reports on several county hospitals, followed by a plenary question on the performance of the Hola Huduma Centre in Tana River County. The Cabinet Secretary outlined the centre’s service offerings and ongoing refurbishment plans, while Senator Mungatana highlighted serious infrastructure gaps, missing services, and funding uncertainties, urging direct ministerial intervention. The exchange combined factual reporting, cooperative explanations, and pointed criticism of service delivery shortcomings. Senators raised concerns over delayed compensation for Marsabit residents linked to a recent KWS recruitment, demanding clarity on the Treasury‑KWS money flow. They also questioned the Tourism Minister on expanding tourism routes, promoting sports tourism, and mitigating human‑wildlife conflict in areas such as Baringo, urging concrete strategies and MOUs. The minister pledged to follow up on the compensation case and emphasized the ministry’s focus on human‑wildlife conflict.

Members debated the chronic problems afflicting Kenya’s sugar industry, highlighting farmer exploitation, lack of licensing, and the dominance of cartels that hinder reform. They called for greater government support, modernisation of processing equipment, and policies that empower small‑scale growers. The discussion combined criticism of current practices with constructive proposals for revitalising the sector. Members highlighted long‑standing neglect of the sugarcane sector and urged immediate government action to support farmers. The debate then focused on the education bursary system, with Hon. Esther Passaris condemning fragmented schemes, delays and inadequate funding that lead to dropout, teenage pregnancy and low self‑esteem, and calling for a unified, capitation‑based funding model to deliver truly free and compulsory basic education. While criticism dominated, there was also praise for the new Education Cabinet Secretary and a constructive push for policy reform. Members debated a motion to improve bursary schemes and move toward free education, praising recent government investment while urging reallocation of funds to the education sector. Several speakers highlighted the need for adequate teachers, infrastructure, and decentralized funding through NG‑CDF, expressing concern that consolidating bursaries could create inefficiencies. The discussion also welcomed visiting students and emphasized the role of Parliament in shaping education policy.

The Speaker detailed ongoing upgrades and new constructions of major sports venues—including Moi International Sports Centre, Kipchoge Keino Stadium and several regional stadia—to meet CHAN and AFCON requirements, noting specific completion percentages and upcoming deadlines. He also highlighted a number of long‑delayed projects from the Jubilee era that remain incomplete, describing them as "monuments of shame" and calling for further collaboration to finish the remaining works. The debate balanced reports of progress with criticism of stalled stadiums and the need for additional resources. The Minister highlighted significant delays and low completion rates for several county stadium projects, noting contract terminations and the need for re‑advertising using new prototype designs. He urged the National Assembly to allocate budget and pursue public‑private partnerships to accelerate completion and ensure sustainable management, while also outlining measures to support Kenyan sports teams in international competitions. The debate focused on chronic under‑funding of grassroots sports agencies and the need for the National Treasury to restore resources, while also addressing the hand‑over of sports facilities to county governments and the importance of clear MOUs to prevent political interference. The Speaker highlighted the upcoming Football Kenya Federation elections, pledging government support for transparent, neutral venues and technical assistance. Finally, the discussion emphasized treating sports as a private‑sector‑driven enterprise, leveraging schools for talent development and improving university‑level programmes.

Senators highlighted serious gaps in mining regulation, citing Chinese operators and the Macalder incident in Migori, and called for committee investigations and clearer frameworks. The debate then shifted to the Division of Revenue (Amendment) Bill, with Sen. Mundigi criticizing inadequate county funding and disparities with MP allocations, urging equitable disbursement. Overall, the session combined criticism of current practices with proposals for oversight and reform. Senators Chimera and Ogola criticised the shortfall in the Ksh 400 billion devolution allocation, noting a missing Ksh 20 billion and its impact on essential services such as education, health, water and roads in their counties. They urged the national government to release the full funds and improve financial support to enable counties to respond effectively to disasters and deliver basic services. Senators praised the Cooperative Societies (Amendment) Bill for aligning the 1997 Act with the 2010 Constitution and devolved government structures. They highlighted new provisions that define national and county responsibilities, introduce a county director role, and set strict timelines for registration to improve efficiency. The debate was largely supportive, emphasizing the bill's potential to strengthen cooperative societies at all levels.

Members of Parliament vehemently defended the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG‑CDF), condemning a recent court ruling that declared parts of the NG‑CDF Act unconstitutional. They accused the judiciary of being out of touch, highlighted the fund’s tangible benefits to schools and vulnerable children, and called for an appeal and constitutional amendment to safeguard the NG‑CDF. The debate combined strong criticism of the judgment with passionate endorsement of the fund’s role in development. Members praised the Coffee Bill for introducing immediate payment to farmers, a dedicated police unit to curb coffee theft, and a structured, professional board to improve management and quality. They also highlighted broader agricultural challenges such as cartelism, past amalgamation into the AFA, and the need for strong county‑national linkages to revitalize the sector. While supportive, they called for amendments on qualifications and better data collection. The speaker highlighted Nairobi’s flood‑prone foundation as a cautionary example and advocated for a buffer zone around the Konza Technopolis to manage future expansion. He outlined the Bill’s key provisions—including development control, licensing, enforcement, a one‑stop business hub, small‑enterprise support, and a dedicated dispute‑resolution tribunal—to create a high‑technology ecosystem. The overall tone was supportive, urging members to visit Konza and endorse the legislation.

Sen. Tabitha Mutinda urged the removal of Kshs20 billion from the national government's share to ease county fiscal pressure, highlighting how stalled projects and large pending bills are crippling devolution. She criticised delayed disbursements and unpaid county staff salaries, while expressing optimism that the incoming Finance Cabinet Secretary will address these issues and that the mediation committee will respect the Division of Revenue Bill amendments. Senators highlighted widespread stalled development projects across Kenya’s counties, blaming political transitions and urging committee investigations and accountability from governors. They also advocated for fully free education from early childhood through university, proposing a unified funding mechanism, and raised concerns about inadequate public participation in the Mung Beans Bill and the need to withdraw a constitutional amendment for broader consultation. Procedural motions and division results punctuated the debate. The Senate afternoon sitting opened with a quorum check before Sen. Tabitha Mutinda tabled a series of Auditor‑General reports on the 2022 financial statements of multiple county hospitals. Senators Kavindu Muthama and Mwaruma then sought committee statements on stalled development projects in Machakos County and on the lack of Higher Education Loans Board funding for teachers’ college students, respectively.

Members debated a motion to move parliamentary reporting onto online platforms, highlighting the potential for greater transparency, accountability and public participation. While several MPs expressed strong support, concerns were raised about rural internet access, digital illiteracy, and the financial costs of upgrading infrastructure. The discussion underscored the need to balance technological advancement with constitutional inclusivity. The debate began with a grave allegation of a South‑African man exploiting children under seven in Kilifi County, prompting calls for security forces to locate him and for medical and legal protection for the victims. The discussion then shifted to Igembe Central, where violent land disputes between original residents and invading groups have resulted in deaths, injuries and displacement, leading members to request a statement from the Departmental Committee on Administration and Internal Affairs and urgent government intervention. Across both issues, MPs emphasized the need for swift action, accountability and protection of citizens’ rights. Members debated a motion to adopt the Committee on Implementation's report on improving online parliamentary reporting and tracking the status of petitions and resolutions. While some praised the potential for greater transparency and urged investment in digital infrastructure, others highlighted procedural delays and expressed strong frustration that many parliamentary resolutions remain unimplemented, calling for stronger accountability mechanisms.

Senators debated the urgency of a disaster management bill, citing repeated tragedies such as school fires, dam collapses and the Solai Dam incident, and exposing chronic misappropriation of disaster funds at county level. They contrasted Kenya’s shortcomings with Brazil’s rapid, accountable response to the Brumadinho dam disaster, urging stronger legal frameworks, better oversight and compensation mechanisms. The discussion combined criticism of current failures with constructive proposals for improved governance and preparedness. Senators debated an amendment to the Division of Revenue Act that would delete Section 5 and alter the revenue‑sharing formula between the national and county governments, with proposals to reduce the total allocation to Ksh 2.6 trillion and maintain a Ksh 400.1 billion county share. The discussion featured strong opposition, references to past devolution‑related legal battles, and concerns that the amendment could undermine the Senate’s constitutional role in protecting county interests. Senators debated the allocation of Kshs400 billion to county governments, questioning the basis for reductions and the lack of a Finance and Budget Committee report. The discussion shifted to broader governance concerns, highlighting delays in corruption prosecutions, the need for stronger anti‑economic‑crime legislation, and the importance of delivering infrastructure and services to citizens. While criticism dominated, members also called for greater accountability and legislative reforms.

The House raised urgent concerns over the Nyeri school fire, demanding criminal accountability, and scrutinised the education funding model that imposes a 5 % contribution on lower‑cadre students. Members highlighted systemic corruption in bursary administration and called for the amalgamation of education funds to protect billions of shillings, while the Cabinet Secretary pledged to rationalise staff appointments, act on the pending DCI report, and develop policies to safeguard bursary monies. Members voiced strong criticism of the current capitation system, alleging it incentivises over‑staffing and uneven class sizes, and questioned the fairness of the student‑banding model that relies on parental income. They also highlighted inadequate university funding, poor infrastructure, and the need for transparent costing and equity across all levels of education. The debate called for clearer policies, better implementation, and safeguards against system manipulation. Members voiced strong support for a petition to regulate and professionalise the boda‑boda sector, highlighting its role in job creation and income for low‑earning households. They called for safer road designs, mandatory identification, and the development of locally‑owned e‑hailing technology to avoid extractive platforms. The Transport Committee chair pledged stakeholder engagement and expedited action on the proposed reforms.

The session began with the recognition of several schools before moving to a detailed discussion on the sugar sector, where members sought clarification on cheap sugar imports, cane pricing, and stakeholder consultation. The Deputy Speaker outlined government actions—including subsidies, excise duties, private‑sector involvement, and the reconstitution of the Sugar‑cane Pricing Committee—to boost production, ensure fair pricing, and develop quality‑based payment mechanisms. Long‑term strategies such as new cane varieties, testing units, and revenue‑sharing mechanisms were also presented. Members of the National Assembly debated the nomination of Douglas Kanja for Inspector‑General of the Kenya Police, emphasizing his 39‑year clean service record, extensive experience and capacity to drive the reforms outlined in the Maraga Taskforce Report. The speakers praised his anti‑corruption stance, coordination with oversight bodies and past heroic actions, and moved to approve his appointment despite acknowledging broader challenges in the police service. Members debated the appointment of a new Inspector‑General of Police, with Hon. Otiende expressing support for the nominee’s long service and self‑made background while highlighting serious concerns about the acting IG’s alleged impunity, court defiance, and recent disappearances. The discussion also touched on constitutional requirements for merit‑based appointments and the shift from a police force to a police service.

The Senate session centered on the Cabinet Secretary for Roads and Transport providing broad background on the road sector’s asset value and a widening maintenance‑fund gap, while Senators pressed for specific answers to their questions. The Temporary Speaker repeatedly reminded the Secretary to adhere to Standing Orders and address each question individually, leading to a procedural back‑and‑forth. The discussion highlighted financing challenges, levy inadequacy, and the expanding road network. Senators voiced strong frustration over prolonged delays by Cabinet Secretaries, particularly the Treasury, and called for mechanisms to censure non‑responsive officials. The Deputy Speaker highlighted the relevant standing order and urged a bipartisan approach to hold the executive accountable. Senator Kavindu Muthama raised concerns about county funding shortfalls and proposed enrolling 1998 embassy bombing victims in the social assistance programme, to which the Cabinet Secretary for Labour and Social Protection affirmed ongoing efforts. Senators raised concerns over the handling of redundancy payments for former Pan‑Africa Paper Mills workers, questioning the adequacy and delays in the Cabinet Secretary's responses. The Temporary Speaker emphasized procedural rules while the Minister outlined the payment process and budgetary constraints, noting that the issue has now been escalated to the Treasury. The exchange reflected both frustration over unanswered queries and a constructive move toward resolving the outstanding benefits.

Sen. Cheruiyot criticised the proliferation of over 350 state agencies and warned that creating a new disaster authority would further strain Kenya’s limited fiscal resources. He urged the committee to merge existing disaster‑response bodies and to establish county disaster risk management committees that align with constitutional responsibilities. The speech also highlighted recent flood deaths in Nairobi, calling for non‑tribal, accountable government action in disaster mitigation. Senators debated the Disaster Management Bill, highlighting safety risks from unmarked road works and calling for sanctions against negligent agencies. They criticized the bill’s limited county representation and the classification of terrorism as a disaster, proposing a dedicated Ministry of Special Programmes to coordinate disaster response and recovery. The discussion combined strong criticism with constructive suggestions for improving the legislative framework. Senators voiced urgent concerns over school safety after fatal fires and a student drowning, urging the Ministry of Education to conduct inspections and provide clear safety checklists. They also highlighted the disappearance of driver Florence Wanza in the DRC, calling on the National Security Committee to act swiftly, and drew attention to the long‑standing marginalisation of Kenya’s northern region, demanding infrastructure and investment initiatives. The debate combined criticism of current oversight with constructive proposals for policy and committee action.

Hon. Mutunga highlighted chronic low productivity, poor value‑addition, delayed payments and governance failures that cripple Kenya’s coffee sector, noting the country lags behind neighbours such as Ethiopia and Uganda. He cited inadequate research funding, the loss of the coffee research levy and limited market access for smallholders, and argued that the proposed Coffee Bill would address these issues through improved regulation, licensing and support mechanisms. The debate focused on the Coffee Bill, which seeks to re‑establish the Coffee Board of Kenya, transfer research functions to a dedicated Coffee Research and Training Institute, and create a Coffee Development Levy to fund sector activities. It outlines comprehensive regulatory provisions covering licensing, traceability, quality assurance, and financial management, aiming to address governance issues, reduce processing costs and boost competitiveness for smallholder farmers. Stakeholder inputs and related legislation were also referenced to support the reforms. Members debated the Coffee Bill, highlighting its provisions for marketing, quality assurance, research and the transition from AFA to a dedicated Coffee Board to boost farmer incomes and Kenya’s global coffee reputation. The discussion was largely supportive, though a brief point of order arose over a comment about a colleague’s “doctorate” in coffee. Procedural exchanges underscored the bill’s perceived benefits for the sector.

Senators raised several Standing Order motions seeking statements on the use of Kisumu County sugarcane cess, the Dongo Kundu Bypass tolling policy, and the Talanta Hela sports project. A heated exchange followed a statement condemning the National Police Service for withdrawing security from Justice Lawrence Mugambi, highlighting concerns over judicial independence. The session also featured a personal announcement of an ODM deputy party‑leader nomination, which was met with applause. Senators criticised the poor management of sports institutions and the misuse of county‑levied cess on farmers, urging that such funds be directed to the Kenya Rural Roads Authority rather than county accounts. They also debated the fairness of toll roads, questioning why some regions bear loan‑financed roads for free while others pay tolls, and called for clearer guidelines from the Ministry of Roads. The Speaker intervened repeatedly to enforce procedural rules. Senators emphasized the urgency of amending land laws to register title deeds for public institutions and curb land grabbing, citing numerous court cases involving universities and hospitals. While the debate was largely constructive, procedural issues led to a request to defer the vote until all delegations are present. The Speaker managed the proceedings, noting the deferment and addressing procedural interruptions.

Senators, through witness Eric Muriuki, denounced the Meru Governor for unlawfully dismissing a County Public Service Board secretary, making false statements about Ksh 86 million, and allegedly shielding individuals linked to a high‑profile murder. The debate highlighted breaches of the County Governments Act, the Constitution and the Public Officer Ethics Act, urging the Senate to hold the governor accountable for these violations. Senators interrogated Hon. Evans Mawira about his earlier impeachment motion against the Meru Governor, probing his credibility and the reasons for his changed stance. The exchange revealed political tension, accusations of misuse and shifting alliances, while also seeking ways for the Governor and County Assembly to cooperate for the public good. The Senate afternoon sitting was dominated by repeated procedural disruptions, disorderly conduct and technical problems that prevented several senators from being seen or casting votes. The Speaker repeatedly attempted to restore order, announce division results and manage voting, but the session was marked by confusion, muting requests and interruptions. Consequently, the debate lacked substantive policy discussion and was largely procedural chaos.

The Senate interrogated witness Ibrahim Mutwiri Kirimi about the County Assembly’s unauthorized changes to the Appropriations Bill and the absence of adverse reports from the Controller of Budget, noting only a qualifying Auditor‑General report. Cross‑examination then probed manual payroll problems for FY2020/21‑21/22 and clarified whether the mover of an impeachment motion was a County Assembly member. The exchange underscored concerns over procedural compliance, financial oversight, and Assembly governance. Senators probed the 2022/2023 Auditor‑General report for Meru County, questioning whether the County Assembly’s PAC/PIC committees had invited the witness and highlighting the county’s reported 79% budget execution. Witnesses clarified their roles and the lack of prior committee engagement, while procedural disputes over witness identification and declaration of interests were raised and overruled by the Temporary Speaker. Senators raised concerns over chronic police resource shortages, inadequate housing and border security, while condemning recent police practices such as unmarked vehicles and face coverings that resemble terrorist tactics. They urged the newly nominated police chief, Douglas Kanja, to address these issues, improve accountability, and ensure justice for victims of violence. The debate combined criticism of current policing with calls for constructive reforms.

Senate members interrogated County Assembly witness Hon. Zipporah Kinya about the size of the Governor’s office staff, citing claims of a bloated workforce and an excessive wage bill. The witness confirmed 111 employees, detailed categories such as cleaners and information officers, and referenced documents and advisories from the Auditor‑General, Transition Authority and IGRTC as evidence. Senators debated the scheduling of witness clarifications, with Sen. Gloria urging earlier opportunities to question witnesses and the Temporary Speaker ruling on procedural points. The ensuing exchange between the witness, Mr. Elias Mutuma, and MCA Hon. Zipporah Kinya centered on whether a petition‑letter was addressed to the Governor or County Secretary, marked by repeated interruptions and a tense tone. The witnesses, Mr. Jacob Kirari and Mr. Elisha Ongoya, examined the existence and handling of specific letters recorded in a register, repeatedly questioning who received each correspondence. The exchange highlighted procedural uncertainties about record‑keeping and the role of staff member Joy in logging letters, with occasional confrontational remarks.

The Senate convened a special sitting to consider a motion to extend the recess and amend the calendar for the third session, with the Majority Leader outlining the need for additional time for committee work and constituency engagement. He highlighted challenges such as limited dedicated funds for Senators and the importance of oversight, while the Minority Leader seconded the motion and the question was put and agreed to. The session concluded with the motion proceeding to the next order. The Senate convened to consider the impeachment of Meru County Governor Kawira Mwangaza following a motion passed by the County Assembly. The County Assembly team sought the summons of key witnesses, including the CPSB CEO and a clerk, citing concerns over alleged forged documents and procedural fairness. The Speaker outlined the procedural framework, allowing each side a limited time for opening statements while addressing preliminary procedural questions. Senators debated a motion to remove Governor Kawira Mwangaza, noting this is the fifth impeachment attempt and questioning the legality and motives behind the County Assembly's actions. The speaker argued the governor’s conduct does not warrant removal and called on the Senate to safeguard devolution while addressing underlying problems in Meru County. Witness testimony was slated to support the governor’s case.

Hon. Suleka Harun highlighted the deteriorating condition of the Ashabito solar mini‑grid, causing power outages that jeopardise health services, education and security in Mandera County. Members of the Energy Committee pledged to respond within five days, but emphasized the need for urgent replacement or upgrade of the system. The debate reflected both concern over the crisis and a constructive commitment to address it. Members sought a statement on the long‑standing Turkana‑Pokot conflict, with the majority leader promising a response within two weeks, while expressing frustration over unanswered questions and a missing constituency fund manager. The session also featured a youth parliamentarians’ address on the 2024 KYPA Bunge Youth Dialogue, emphasizing digital tools for governance and recommending actions before the House recessed. Members debated the lack of a response from KeRRA on emergency funds for road repairs in Baringo, with some urging immediate action while others highlighted procedural delays. The temporary speaker managed procedural items, including a request for a statement on the recent Mpox outbreak from the Health Committee. Tensions arose over perceived political influence and the need for timely government intervention.

Members condemned the poor state of government‑owned sugar mills, citing dilapidated machinery, long‑standing wage and farmer arrears, and the adverse impact of duty‑free sugar imports. They called for urgent equipment overhauls, a mediation team, and legislative action to curb corruption and regulate imports, while noting a recent payment to farmers as a modest positive step. Members discussed the allocation of Ksh1.9 billion in the First Supplementary Budget, emphasizing oversight and monitoring of county projects. The House proceeded with procedural motions to delete the Second and Third Schedules of the County Governments Additional Allocations Bill and approved the Cotton Industry Development Bill with amendments. The debate remained largely procedural with limited contention. The National Assembly debated the County Additional Allocations Bill, aligning it with Supplementary Budget Estimates and highlighting reductions in funds for county aggregation, industrial parks, and community health promoters while urging counties to use development partner grants efficiently. The House also processed several procedural amendments, including typographical corrections and the withdrawal of a proposed Cotton Arbitration Tribunal clause.

Members debated Senate Bill No.13 of 2022, which seeks to boost mung bean (dengu) production, diversify crops and enhance food security through county‑level licensing, quality control and extension services. The bill proposes coordination between national and county governments, with the Agriculture and Food Authority overseeing policy, standards and data collection, and outlines a framework for marketing and modernising the value chain. Speakers highlighted the crop’s drought‑tolerance, income‑generation potential and the need for targeted interventions in low‑altitude regions. The House received a Senate message confirming the appointment of Dr. Patrick Omwanda Amoth as Director‑General for Health and proceeded with routine procedural business. Members gave notice of motions to adopt Defence Committee reports on embassy inspections in Rwanda, DRC, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, as well as Public Investments Committee reports on state corporation audits. The session concluded with the third reading and passage of the County Governments Additional Allocations Bill. Members overwhelmingly praised President Ruto’s recent cabinet appointments, highlighting the gender balance and regional representation embodied by Dorcas Oduor and Beatrice Asukul. Several speakers lauded the appointees’ qualifications and the inclusive intent of the Broad‑Based Government, while a brief procedural clash arose over the terminology used to describe the government structure. The debate underscored support for the appointments alongside a minor dispute on parliamentary decorum.

Senators debated the procedural route for removing the Meru County Governor, contrasting the use of a special committee with a plenary vote and citing relevant standing orders and constitutional articles. Several members opposed the motion to shift to plenary, urging full Senate involvement and public transparency, while others sought clarification on the motion’s status. The Speaker moderated the discussion, addressing time limits and procedural queries. Senators debated the appropriate forum for the third impeachment proceedings against the Governor of Meru County, arguing whether it should be conducted in plenary or referred to a committee, and invoking past precedents. The discussion highlighted perceived double standards in the application of standing orders and constitutional provisions, with calls for all members to have a fair opportunity to consider the charges. The Speaker noted inconsistencies and suggested a review of the relevant rules before any legal action is taken. Senators debated whether the impeachment of Meru County Governor Kawira Mwangaza should be handled in a select committee or in plenary, with several members urging a plenary approach to ensure transparency and public participation. The discussion featured criticism of perceived absenteeism and political noise, while also referencing past impeachment precedents. Overall, the tone reflected both constructive arguments and pointed disagreements.

Members lauded Kenya's recent Olympic achievements and highlighted the inspiring story of Emmanuel Wanyonyi, urging the government to review Athletics Kenya's selection and training processes. A debate then emerged over the participation of transgender athletes in women's events, leading to procedural challenges and a point‑of‑order exchange. The discussion combined commendation, concern over sports governance, and contentious gender‑inclusion issues. The afternoon sitting saw multiple committee reports tabled, a motion to adopt the security inquiry report for six North Rift counties, and a two‑week extension granted to obtain Treasury tax‑waiver documents. It also featured a celebratory invitation to MPs for the granting of city status and a charter to Eldoret, Kenya’s fifth city. The House celebrated Kenya’s strong performance at the Paris Olympics, highlighted by Faith Kipyegon’s historic third gold medal, and proceeded with procedural business including messages on Senate mediation committees and the nomination of a Director‑General for the Competition Authority. Members also welcomed schoolchildren to Parliament and introduced a petition urging the repeal of the criminalisation of attempted suicide, citing mental‑health concerns. The debate combined commendation, routine legislative matters, and a call for legal reform.

The House deferred an earlier matter and then debated a motion to adopt the Public Debt and Privatization Committee’s report on the Supplementary Estimates, highlighting a Ksh23.78 billion rise in pension liabilities and a shift in the borrowing mix toward domestic sources. Members expressed concern over rising debt‑service risks and the delayed implementation of the Treasury Single Account, while also noting optimism about the new Treasury leadership and proposing concrete reforms such as an annual borrowing plan. Members debated the fallout from the Finance Bill 2024’s withdrawal, highlighting a Ksh 346 billion revenue loss and rising fiscal deficit. The discussion focused on establishing a Single Treasury Account to curb costly domestic borrowing and on pension arrears, retirement age, and the broader challenge of public debt amid ongoing protests. While some optimism was expressed about inflation and currency stability, the overall tone reflected concern over fiscal sustainability and governance issues. Members reflected on the historic unity of the East African Community and called for accelerated implementation of integration measures such as tax harmonisation, removal of non‑tariff barriers, and a single currency. They urged political leaders to move beyond rhetoric, promote free movement of people and mutual recognition of professional qualifications, and translate past cooperation into concrete action.

Sen. Cherarkey highlighted the need for timely financial reporting and audit compliance by county assemblies, praised recent school sports achievements, and urged action on stalled development projects funded by the President and donors. He also criticized the county governor’s security measures, police inaction on violent incidents, and called for stricter oversight by bodies such as ICPAK and the EACC. The debate touched on legislative steps to address these issues, including the Intergovernmental Relations (Amendment) Bill. Senators debated a Bill aimed at strengthening intergovernmental relations by renaming the Intergovernmental Relations Technical Committee to an Intergovernmental Relations Agency, establishing a County Assemblies Forum, and removing the Principal Secretary from the agency's board. The discussion highlighted past shortcomings in devolution, the need for clear legal frameworks, and the importance of timely transfer of functions and costing to county governments. Overall, the tone was constructive but underscored lingering frustrations with implementation delays. Sen. Kajwang highlighted persistent fiduciary and legal conflicts between the Senate, the Council of Governors (COG) and the Intergovernmental Relations Agency, urging clearer separation of functions and amendments to the Intergovernmental Relations Act. He criticised irregular contributions to the COG, costly litigation against the Senate, and the lack of proper oversight of transferred functions such as the Nairobi Metropolitan Service, while calling for stronger coordination mechanisms. The debate also featured procedural interruptions and requests for clarification on statutory responsibilities.