Sittings

During the Senate hearing, counsel Mr. Elias Mutuma repeatedly questioned Hon. Hillary Kibet Bosuben about the existence and nature of voting machines in the County Assembly, highlighting contradictions in her statements. The witness struggled to provide clear answers, oscillating between laptops, wall screens, and phones as the alleged machines, leading to a tense and confrontational exchange. Counsel Mr. Katwa Kigen questioned MCA Hon. Hillary Kibet Bosuben about the procedural handling of a speaker’s invitation, the authenticity of an audio recording, and the standing of 18 MCAs during an impeachment division. The witness affirmed the audio was genuine, confirmed the speaker’s direction, and denied routinely recording people, while also acknowledging a personal friendship with the motion mover. During the Senate afternoon sitting, counsel cross‑examined Hon. Amos Birir about the numbers and WhatsApp accounts linked to his phones, questioning whether he could have voted electronically. The counsel accused Birir of lying under oath and misrepresenting his device capabilities, while Birir insisted his phone is not internet‑enabled and that he never voted.

Senators debated the impeachment of the Kericho County Governor, with witnesses presenting evidence of alleged misappropriation of FLLoCA funds, nepotistic project allocation and procedural misconduct. The testimony urged the Senate to find the charges substantiated, while the Governor’s side contested voting irregularities and the credibility of the evidence. The discussion highlighted tensions between accountability demands and political defenses. Senators debated allegations that the Kericho County Governor and his counsel manipulated the county assembly voting system, citing possible double‑voting, falsified login records, and coerced MCA behaviour. Witnesses contested the credibility of logs and affidavits, while urging the Senate to assess whether the evidence proves systemic compromise or merely procedural flaws. Senators interrogated the reliability of the electronic voting system used by the County Assembly to remove a governor, focusing on the absence of MAC‑address data and inconsistencies in IP‑address logs. Witnesses argued that without verifiable digital fingerprints the vote cannot meet the constitutional threshold, and urged the Senate to reject the results as non‑transparent and unverified.

The witness confirmed that electronic voting was limited to an 11‑minute window approved by the Speaker, with no activity recorded beyond that period and any login attempts outside the window blocked. He also explained that two County Assembly members lacked Integrated Payroll and Personnel Database (IPPD) numbers, so their national IDs were used instead for all functions. The exchange highlighted procedural concerns about voting extensions and personnel data management. The witness, Mr. Elisha Ongoya, testified that documents related to the Roads Department in Kericho County were falsified to create false issues for payment, highlighting double payments of retention fees. Senators and Hon. Albert Kipkoech interrogated him on specific table references, RTGS registers, and the nature of the payments, seeking clarification on how the alleged over‑payments occurred. Hon. Albert Kipkoech cross‑examined witness Mr. Katwa Kigen on the County Governments Act, the recommendation process to the County Public Service Board, and whether the Governor was given a chance to answer concerns before impeachment. The witness argued the County Assembly lacks the mandate to invite the Governor except through impeachment, leading to a tense and repetitive exchange.

The committee interrogated Hon. Kiprotich Rogony about the unaddressed Ksh9 million and his failure to lodge statements or referrals to the EACC, while counsel highlighted prior impeachment complaints and pressed for concrete action. The Speaker intervened to curb evasiveness, underscoring the need for clear, timely answers. The Senate witness, Mr. Elias Mutuma, repeatedly questioned Hon. Martin Cheruiyot about his endorsement of a report on fictitious payments, probing whether he supports holding the Governor accountable. Cheruiyot affirmed endorsement of the report’s recommendations but denied targeting the Governor, resulting in a confrontational exchange. The Senate examined Hon. Martin Cheruiyot, who affirmed that 18 MCAs signed an affidavit stating they did not vote for a motion and that four of them were alleged to have been impersonated in the voting process. He detailed complaints lodged with the Directorate of Criminal Investigations regarding unauthorized use of his credentials and a collective letter from 18 members seeking investigation. The questioning focused on the authenticity of documents and the extent of alleged voting irregularities.

The Senate resumed the impeachment hearing for Governor Eric Kipkoech Mutai, with the Speaker ruling on the limited scope of the Governor’s preliminary objection and questioning the validity of the County Assembly’s voting threshold. The County Assembly’s counsel then presented an opening statement alleging the Governor’s “bad behaviour,” citing alleged financial irregularities and procedural failures in the impeachment vote. The debate combined procedural neutrality with pointed accusations, reflecting a mixed tone. The Senate interrogated Mr. Geoffrey Bett about his resignation, claiming he was coerced and questioning his lack of written reservations. The inquiry focused on a procurement advertisement for a revenue‑management system that omitted the Governor’s name and on alleged directives from the acting County Secretary, Kipyegon Kirui. Geoffrey Kipng’eno Bett testified that the Governor of Kericho County forced him and other officials to sign undated resignation letters and a shortened three‑year performance contract, subjecting them to intimidation and harassment. He linked the treatment to violations of the Persons with Disability Act and constitutional dignity provisions, and appealed to the Senate for protection for himself and his family. The Senate questioned the witness and prepared to move on to cross‑examination of the Governor’s counsel.

The Senate hearing focused on allegations of irregularities in the electronic voting system used by a County Assembly to impeach a governor, with counsel presenting audit‑trail evidence of duplicate votes and unauthorized log‑ins. The Speaker intervened to limit repetitions, while the County Assembly’s counsel defended the system’s reliability and cited provision of laptops to members. The debate highlighted concerns over system security, procedural objections, and the credibility of the impeachment process. Senators and counsel debated the admissibility of additional documents in a governor removal motion, invoking Senate standing orders that prohibit new evidence not previously filed in the County Assembly. The Speaker ruled that certain omitted documents could be admitted, while both sides raised preliminary objections concerning the voting process and the two‑thirds threshold required for removal. The exchange was marked by procedural contention and sharp criticism of each party’s approach. Counsel for the Governor challenged the accuracy and verifiability of the County Assembly's electronic voting system, highlighting discrepancies between reported votes and the number of MCAs who allegedly abstained. Witnesses presented affidavits and audit‑trail evidence suggesting duplicate votes and system manipulation, and urged the Senate to reject the motion pending a proper two‑thirds majority. The debate centered on procedural compliance with Standing Order No.77 and the Senate's jurisdiction to resolve the dispute.

The afternoon sitting focused on welcoming the newly appointed Senator Consolata, with several members offering congratulations and advice. Speakers highlighted the importance of learning Senate procedures, adhering to party expectations, and cautioned her about maintaining independence while respecting party discipline. References were made to the removal of her predecessor and the responsibilities that come with the role. The Senate debated extending its recess by two weeks and considered a motion to set up a special committee to investigate the impeachment of Kericho County Governor Eric Mutai. Procedural disagreements emerged over who should second the motion and the minority leader’s objection, alongside remarks on conflict‑of‑interest declarations. The debate featured both formal procedural exchanges and moments of levity. The Senate afternoon sitting began with several members welcoming newly appointed Senator Consolata and offering congratulations. The debate then moved to procedural business, including a motion to extend the recess and the establishment of a special committee to investigate the impeachment of Kericho County Governor Eric Mutai, with references to abuse of office. The tone was largely procedural and courteous, punctuated by the serious matter of potential impeachment.

The sitting focused on several procedural matters, including the adoption and annulment of a Public Procurement Regulatory Authority circular and motions to amend the Assembly calendar. A notable highlight was Hon. Dan Wanyama’s statement praising Kenya’s co‑hosting of the CHAN 2024 tournament and the Harambee Stars’ progress, while also noting crowd‑control challenges. Additional reports on transport and agriculture committees were tabled. Members highlighted that several newly gazetted administrative units in Kambu Sub‑County remain non‑operational, limiting residents' access to services, and raised concerns over the lack of functional motor vehicles for police and government officers in Kitui West. The Temporary Speaker addressed procedural confusion about the order of business, while members expressed frustration over delayed responses and funding constraints. The debate centered on requests for statements and accountability from the relevant ministries. Members, led by Hon. Wanami Wamboka, vehemently criticised the President’s remarks and alleged widespread corruption affecting e‑Citizen, the Adani deal and devolved funds, threatening to table a censure motion. The Speaker repeatedly invoked Standing Order 87 to curb personal attacks on the President and maintain order. The debate also included procedural points of order and a brief acknowledgment of community groups visiting Parliament.

The Deputy Speaker announced that a quorum was not present and consequently adjourned the House until the next scheduled sitting. No substantive policy debate took place, only procedural matters were addressed.

The afternoon sitting focused on procedural issues, notably the refusal to reopen a response already tabled in the morning, before moving to a special motion to approve two nominees to the National Police Service Commission. Members highlighted constitutional and statutory criteria, regional and ethnic diversity, and the expected collaboration between the Commission, the police service, and IPOA. The temporary speaker also recognized visiting students before the motion was seconded. Members highlighted the hardship citizens face in obtaining birth certificates due to distance and cost, arguing that the compulsory requirement for school enrollment is undermining access. The debate focused on amending the Bill to decentralise registration services to sub‑county or ward levels, with calls for more offices, mobile units and mass registration drives. While the amendment received strong support, a brief scepticism was expressed about the proposed Unique Personal Identifiers (UPI). Members voiced strong frustration over the limited reach of devolution, citing difficulties citizens face in obtaining birth certificates and other services far from their homes. They called for expanding Huduma Centres to sub‑county levels and fast‑tracking a bill to establish constituency registrars offices, while also condemning alleged bribery and corruption within the system. The debate combined constructive proposals with sharp criticism of current service delivery and political conduct.

Members debated two bills: a public‑land protection bill to document and safeguard remaining public lands, and an amendment to the Air Passenger Service Charge to allocate revenues to the Kenya Meteorological Services Authority, the Tourism Fund, KCAA and KAA. While speakers voiced strong support for the legislation, they also highlighted persistent problems such as land grabbing, missing title deeds for public institutions, and concerns over the privatisation of critical infrastructure. Members praised the passage of the Bill implementing NADCO recommendations and the reconstituted IEBC, emphasizing its role in ensuring fair elections. The House then adopted the Affordable Housing Regulations 2025, discussing social housing needs, financing mechanisms, and anti‑corruption measures such as electronic allocation. Some concerns were raised about constituency size, cultural suitability of housing designs, and political rhetoric. The Committee reported that the Affordable Housing Regulations 2025 complied with statutory timelines, constitutional public‑participation requirements and included a Regulatory Impact Assessment, recommending adoption. Hon. Robert Mbui detailed the regulations’ eligibility criteria, application procedures, timelines and appeal mechanisms, while raising concerns about ensuring transparency and preventing political favouritism in allocations. The debate was largely supportive but highlighted the need for stronger safeguards against misuse of the programme.

The session featured a procedural clash when the Temporary Speaker rebuked Hon. Melly for an alleged informal agreement that bypassed House rules, while the bulk of the debate focused on detailed updates from the Education Committee on TVET challenges. Topics covered included trainer recruitment, capitation and scholarship delays, funding shortfalls, student accommodation construction, and equipment procurement for polytechnics. The discussion combined tension over parliamentary procedure with constructive reporting on education initiatives. Members highlighted serious discrepancies in the National Education Management Information System (NEMIS), alleging that student numbers are being altered to reduce school funding and that teachers' salaries are under‑budgeted. They called for spot checks, a timeline for corrective action, and clarification on the TVET teacher budget, while the Temporary Speaker urged the Committee to produce a report. The debate combined criticism of ministry practices with proposals for improved data management and oversight. The session focused on procedural business, including the approval of Mr Pius Ang’asa as a Central Bank board member and a pending response on the absorption of P1 teachers. Members raised points of order regarding motion wording and requested a statement on Tanzania’s ban on foreign businesses.

Members highlighted the strain on police officers caused by prolonged deployments, inadequate rotation, and poor working conditions, linking these factors to mental‑health challenges and incidents of misconduct. They proposed reforms including fixed deployment periods, automatic promotions based on service length, increased counselling resources, and stricter handling of alcohol and drug addiction. The discussion combined criticism of current practices with constructive policy suggestions. Members of Parliament highlighted rising drug abuse in Nairobi, Marsabit, Isiolo and the Coast, citing corrupt or under‑paid police, insufficient rehabilitation funding and the killing of boda‑boda riders. They called for a special anti‑drug unit, increased support for rehab centres and stronger security measures. The Cabinet Secretary responded by outlining training initiatives, past actions against drug barons and challenges posed by porous borders. The debate focused on the ongoing investigation into the disappearance of Mr. Hussein in Wajir, outlining the steps taken by the police and urging public assistance. It then shifted to security and governance challenges in Isiolo County, highlighting leadership disputes, alleged misuse of power, political violence, and recent police reforms aimed at restoring order. Members discussed both the shortcomings and the corrective measures being implemented to improve safety and accountability.

Hon. Junet Mohamed urged the House to pass the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes (Amendment) Bill, arguing that unchecked social media use is harming Kenyan society through misinformation, pornography, and potential civil unrest. He highlighted global examples of regulation, the rise of AI‑generated fake content, and called for legal limits and responsibility on digital platforms. While acknowledging the importance of freedom of expression, he stressed that it must be balanced with accountability. The Speaker praised the high number of student visits to Parliament and urged calm behaviour at sporting events, while several members used the sitting to request statements on pressing issues. Concerns were raised about delayed payments to beneficiaries of the Older Persons Cash Transfer Programme, the conduct of police roadblocks, and escalating insecurity in Isiolo town. The House agreed to seek responses from the relevant departmental committees after recess. Hon. Ibrahim Saney warned of the growing threats posed by cybercrime, including identity theft, misinformation, and attacks on critical systems, and urged the passage of a Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Bill with strong safeguards. Hon. Joshua Kimilu echoed the need for regulation, linking cyber abuse to youth unemployment and calling for balanced legislation that protects rights while preventing abuse. The debate highlighted both the urgency of legal action and concerns about enforcement capacity and potential over‑reach.

Senators used the afternoon sitting to request statements on several matters: the need for transparent use of additional equitable share revenue allocated to Vihiga County, the cabinet's ratification of transferring Amboseli National Park to Kajiado County and associated benefits and challenges, and the delay in settling NHIF/SHA claims for National Youth Service personnel. The Deputy Speaker highlighted procedural issues and admonished members for not adhering to the chair, reflecting a mix of constructive debate and tension. Senators debated the Office of County Attorney Bill, urging amendments to prevent exclusion of young lawyers and to keep the attorney’s tenure independent of the governor. The discussion highlighted the Senate’s role in defending devolution, critiqued past cooperation with county governors, and called for a more professional, accountable county legal framework. A motion to defer the final vote on the bill was also raised. The Senate afternoon sitting on 7 August 2025 progressed through a series of bills, including the Business Laws (Amendment) Bill, Early Childhood Education (Amendment) Bill, Local Content Bill and Street Vendors Protection Bill. Senators reported committee approvals, moved the bills to a third reading, and conducted votes under the Deputy Speaker’s direction.

Members raised concerns over the lack of a deployment strategy for education resources in Nairobi's newly created sub‑counties, warning that current allocations treat multiple large sub‑counties as a single unit. The debate also highlighted widespread frustration with delayed responses to parliamentary statements across several committees, including issues on tea pricing and agricultural subsidies, and called for expedited meetings with the Cabinet Secretary after recess. Members criticised the prolonged inactivity of the National Humanitarian Fund, noting that large sums remain idle while IDPs remain unassisted. They highlighted the absence of a mandated steering committee and the need for a single treasury account to centralise and deploy resources efficiently. Calls were made for greater accountability from the Cabinet and Principal Secretaries to resolve the funding impasse. The session began with the Deputy Speaker and members welcoming various schools and constituency staff to Parliament, emphasizing civic inspiration. Hon. Walter Owino raised a request for a statement on the non-payment of retirees' deposits by several SACCOs, highlighting financial distress and regulatory gaps. The Committee on Trade, Industry and Cooperatives, represented by Hon. Oundo, agreed to provide a response within two weeks after the House resumes sittings.

Hon. Samuel Atandi moved the second reading of the County Allocation of Revenue Bill, outlining the formula for horizontal revenue sharing, the increase in total allocations and the new ceilings for county executives and assemblies. Hon. Silvanus Osoro and other members praised the Bill’s intent but criticised county governments for excessive recurrent spending, weak oversight and poor service delivery, urging greater accountability. The debate combined constructive discussion of the Bill’s provisions with pointed criticism of county performance. Members criticised serious governance failures in several state corporations, especially the NSSF’s loss of Ksh115 million on a revoked land title and questionable bond investments that jeopardise retirees’ benefits. The debate called for urgent accountability, prosecution of responsible officials and a review of institutional performance, while briefly commending the committee’s report. Procedural exchanges with the Temporary Speaker punctuated the discussion. Members criticised the Ministry of Education for failing to provide promised funds for school trips to Meru, alleging that capitation money is being siphoned back to the ministry and that the Cabinet Secretary has not answered queries. They called for a thorough investigation, transparency on fund disbursement, and the Cabinet Secretary’s presence to address the alleged mismanagement.

Members raised concerns about the wellbeing of university students and the lack of concrete timelines for education programmes, while also highlighting the severe impact of rising Lake Turkana waters on schools and the absence of a contingency fund to address such emergencies. The Ministry of Education provided status updates and thanked stakeholders, but MPs expressed frustration over the lack of immediate solutions and low literacy rates in Turkana. Calls were made for concrete infrastructure support and better coordination with NGOs and development funds. Members voiced strong concern over the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, condemning what they see as a disproportionate Israeli response and the silence of the international community. They called for urgent humanitarian assistance, a renewed two‑state solution, and active involvement of the UN and major powers to protect civilians, especially women and children. Members debated the rising water levels in Lake Turkana that are submerging schools, calling for comprehensive environmental studies and streamlined access to contingency funds for emergency response. The discussion also covered teacher salary and housing allowance issues in Isiolo, with criticism of misused funds and a planned censure motion against ministry officials. The Deputy Speaker emphasized procedural efficiency and avoiding repetitive questions.

Senators Cherarkey and Faki criticised the lack of public participation and procedural compliance in recent environmental regulations, urging the annulment of the rules under the Statutory Instruments Act 2013. The debate highlighted concerns about secrecy, alleged "night‑running" by officials, and the need for stakeholder consultation before regulations become law. The Deputy Speaker facilitated the discussion and moved to a vote on the committee's report. Senators Omogeni and Sifuna debated the meaning of “improper motive” and the conduct of the Senate Majority Leader, prompting the Temporary Speaker to intervene and remind members of Standing Order No.101(4). The discussion turned procedural as members raised points of order and were warned against personal attacks, while Senator Cheruiyot stressed the need for the Senate not to act merely as a conveyor belt for the Executive. Senators debated a remark labeling social‑media users as useless, defending the legitimacy of online engagement and urging a withdrawal of the unparliamentary comment. The discussion also highlighted Parliament’s role in climate‑change regulation, the need for clear public‑participation legislation, and concerns over procedural adherence to standing orders.

Senators debated the Committee on Health report, urging county governments to improve hospital security, ambulance availability, staff welfare, and digitalisation of health services. They highlighted gaps such as inadequate security walls, low morale among medical staff, lack of trained technicians for specialised equipment, and the need for proper body preservation facilities. The speakers called for greater Senate oversight and for other committees to submit similar reports for collective action. Senators highlighted the need for counties to act on health facility reports, urging proper use of the Facilities Improvement Financing Act and regular inspections to address maintenance issues, while condemning misuse of funds for non‑health activities. The House also moved a motion to automate the Certificate of Good Conduct system with biometric verification to improve efficiency and integrity. Procedural matters were addressed, including deferring a question and rearranging the order paper. Senators raised concerns over liquidity crises in SACCOs such as MUSCO and Afya, urging stronger regulatory oversight and amendments to the Cooperatives Bill. The Cabinet Secretary pledged a detailed report on the Hustler Fund and proposed funding reforms for SASRA to improve supervision. Members pressed for transparency on liquidation processes and safeguards to prevent future cooperative failures.

Senator Ogola urged the construction and upgrade of modern markets across Ndhiwa and other constituencies, highlighting the benefits for women traders and local economies while warning of safety hazards caused by unorganized roadside sales. He praised collaborative leadership between the governor and MPs but criticised past economic‑stimulus markets as unused white‑elephants, calling for transparent use of public funds and proper relocation plans during construction. Senators debated the state of health services in several counties, condemning infrastructure problems such as leaking roofs, expired medicines, and severe staff shortages, and noting that the health budget falls far short of the SDG‑3 target. They criticised county governors for neglect and called for stronger oversight and continued inspections, while also moving reports to address the issues. Senators highlighted that Vihiga County collects only a fraction of its potential market‑derived revenue and called for infrastructure upgrades and fast‑tracking municipal status for Cheptulu and Luanda markets. The debate also touched on adopting more effective financial systems such as IFMIS, while a brief procedural dispute over unparliamentary language introduced a negative note.

Members highlighted serious concerns that capitation funds intended for schools are being diverted by sub‑county and regional education officers, leaving learners without resources for activities and festivals. They urged the Departmental Committee on Education to investigate and demanded the Cabinet Secretary for Education appear before the House to explain the allocations. The Speaker directed the Deputy Leader of the Majority to arrange the minister’s appearance. Members of Parliament welcomed several junior secondary school groups visiting the House, expressing appreciation for their academic achievements. The debate then shifted to concerns over inadequate funding for schools to attend the national drama festivals in Meru, with MPs alleging misallocation of capitation funds and urging the Education Committee to intervene. Calls were made for greater transparency and direct release of resources to the affected schools. Female MPs welcomed Ogande Girls High School, sharing personal stories and urging the students to pursue education and break barriers. The temporary speaker interjected, questioning the relevance of the welcome and reminding members of business, leading to light‑hearted exchanges. The session highlighted themes of women’s empowerment, youth education and gender dynamics in Parliament.

The sitting began with a procedural dispute over the correct supplementary Order Paper, which was resolved by deferring the motion and proceeding with the printed version. Hon. Naisula Lesuuda then moved the Kenya Roads (Amendment) Bill for a second reading, urging the inclusion of pedestrian walkways, cycling lanes, and accessible crossings to address safety, health, climate and equity concerns for non‑motorised road users across Kenya. Members debated the need to restore parliamentary powers and address constitutional challenges, referencing the Building Bridges Initiative and NADCO report. Procedural issues were raised regarding the handling of statements and committee appearances. Detailed accounts of gender‑based violence cases in Kericho County were presented, highlighting investigations, court proceedings and concerns over case withdrawals. Members raised concerns over inadequate funding for ministry projects and the non‑payment of chiefs and assistant chiefs, urging the use of the NG‑CDF and urging the Public Service Commission to resolve hiring and payroll delays. The House also debated the disappearance of Mr Adhan Noor Hassan, with the responding MP detailing police actions while the aggrieved MP criticised the investigation as unsatisfactory. Both issues highlight calls for quicker administrative action and accountability.

Senators criticised the issuance of Gazette Notices to import rice, sugar and maize, warning it would undermine farmers, and highlighted the under‑utilisation of donor‑funded medical equipment in Kisumu County. They also decried the deplorable state of market infrastructure—lack of water, electricity, toilets and proper roads—and called for greater accountability from county governors and agencies such as NEMA. Senators discussed pending committee petitions, notably land title disputes in Kisaju, Kajiado, and raised concerns over the delayed implementation of the SRC circular for ECDE teachers' remuneration across several counties. The session also featured procedural motions to amend various clauses of the Business Laws (Amendment) Bill and remarks on agricultural issues such as fertilizer access and the timing of a rice importation Gazette Notice. Senators repeatedly moved to amend various clauses of the Bill, proposing deletions, substitutions and wording changes across multiple sections such as clauses 16, 24, 26 and others. The proceedings were largely procedural, with divisions scheduled at the end of each amendment and limited substantive debate.

The afternoon sitting featured a procedural breach when Hon. Njeri Maina crossed the floor, prompting remarks and laughter before the Speaker restored order. The debate then focused on the government’s measures to enforce the Counter‑Trafficking in Persons Act and safeguard Kenya’s borders, and on a detailed update regarding the disappearance of Mr. Abdirizak Mohamed Yale. Hon. Gabriel Tongoyo provided the statements while the Speaker managed the proceedings. Hon. Umulkher Harun highlighted the unresolved abduction of Mr Abdirizak Yale and urged the police to provide a swift update, while Hon. Gabriel Tongoyo pledged continued investigative effort. The House then moved to consider a motion by Hon. Kwenya Thuku to adopt the Mediation Committee’s report on the Gambling Control Bill, outlining the Senate’s amendments and the Committee’s resolutions on key clauses. The debate combined expressions of distress over a missing‑person case with procedural discussion of gambling legislation. Members debated the Pyrethrum (Repeal) Bill, arguing that removing the standalone Pyrethrum Act and folding its provisions into the Crops Act will eliminate legal ambiguities and support agricultural revitalisation. They linked the reform to broader goals of boosting Kenya’s agrarian sector, improving farmer incomes, and facilitating the country’s transition toward manufacturing and technology‑driven growth.

Hon. Tim Wanyonyi and Dr. James Nyikal strongly supported the proposed Breastfeeding Bill, emphasizing the nutritional, immunological and psychological benefits of breast milk and the need for dedicated facilities for lactating mothers, including in Parliament. The Temporary Speaker facilitated the debate, prompting other members to comment, while the discussion highlighted challenges faced by working mothers and the importance of maternity‑friendly policies. Members debated a Bill that would require public institutions and market centres to provide safe, equipped spaces for lactating mothers and mandate flexible working hours to support breastfeeding. The discussion highlighted health benefits for children, the societal value of supporting mothers, and the need for enforcement mechanisms, with broad support expressed by the speakers. Members debated the proposed Breastfeeding Mothers Bill, emphasizing the need for dedicated, well‑equipped spaces in Parliament and workplaces to support nursing mothers. The discussion highlighted the health benefits of breastfeeding, child rights, and the importance of accommodating mothers without disrupting parliamentary proceedings. The session also welcomed school groups to observe the House, underscoring public engagement.

The Temporary Speaker verified quorum at the start of the Senate afternoon sitting, found that quorum was not met, and consequently adjourned the session until later the same day as per Standing Order No.40 (2). The procedural actions included ringing the quorum bell and noting the time the Senate rose.

Senators debated a Bill to regulate the sale and use of e‑cigarettes, highlighting the need for stricter controls such as banning flavour additives, imposing age verification for online sales, and limiting advertising to protect youth. They also discussed allocating testing fees to health funds and supporting agencies like NACADA to address chronic diseases linked to tobacco, alcohol and emerging nicotine products. While there was broad agreement on the public‑health rationale, members noted implementation challenges and the evolving market landscape. Senators debated amendments to the Tobacco Control Act to tighten regulation of electronic nicotine delivery systems, ban sales to minors, and require health‑minister authorization, citing rising youth use and health risks. They also raised the economic reliance on tobacco farming and the need to transition farmers to alternative crops, while warning about the spread of marijuana and novel drug products such as weed‑infused edibles and e‑weed devices. The discussion combined criticism of current lax controls with constructive proposals for comprehensive policy reform. The Senate was informed of the National Assembly's decision to refer the Houses of Parliament (Bicameral Relations) Bill to a mediation committee, prompting plans to appoint nine senators to the panel. Senators Wafula and Syengo sought statements from the Roads, Transportation and Housing Committee on the deteriorating Kisumu‑Busia road and on non‑functional under‑vehicle surveillance systems at JKIA, respectively. The session also included a welcome to a delegation from the Institute of Economic Affairs.

Hon. Sarah Korere welcomed a group of students visiting Parliament and highlighted the poor road conditions they endured, urging improvements in Laikipia North. Hon. David Pkosing then detailed a series of audit findings, criticizing the mismanagement of the Mzima Springs water project, Kenya Pipeline Company, Kenya Railways Corporation and ICT Authority loan schemes, and called for investigations by the EACC and corrective reforms. Hon. Owen Baya condemned the mismanagement and financial waste at state corporations such as the CWWDA, highlighting delayed water projects like the Mzizima Pipeline and calling for swift investigation, de‑gazetting of board members, and enforcement of audit recommendations. The debate also featured procedural exchanges on quorum and brief humor, underscoring frustration with the Committee on Implementation’s perceived inaction. The session opened with welcoming remarks to visiting secondary‑school students, highlighting education as a key driver of social change. The House then moved to procedural matters, ordering the election of committee leadership and debating an amendment to the Kenya Roads Board Act to shorten the Director‑General’s term, which received cross‑party support. Members also called for aligning the State Corporations Act with the proposed changes, leading to brief procedural interruptions.

Sen. Cherarkey used his floor time to highlight the need for Kenya to embrace technology, calling for a science museum, stronger AI regulation, and expanded digital infrastructure such as fibre optics, while also urging reforms to high internet data costs and urging county governments and the IEBC to focus on their core mandates. He praised recent fibre deployments and investor interest but criticized telecom practices and warned of potential impeachment for non‑compliance by county officials. Senators debated the Technopolis Bill, praising its overall purpose but flagging several flaws. They urged clearer county‑government roles in zoning and licensing, highlighted contradictions in licensing clauses, and demanded a precise definition—or removal—of the buffer‑zone provision. The speakers called for amendments to ensure proper representation and prevent abuse before the Bill proceeds. Sen. Veronica Maina critiqued the Konza Technopolis Bill, arguing that its provisions on land allocation, authority powers and qualifications are overly broad and lack necessary safeguards. She highlighted the omission of virtual spaces, the need for clearer leasing conditions, and called for stricter criteria for the Authority’s chair and for local content requirements in expatriate work permits. While acknowledging the bill’s good intentions, she urged substantial amendments to align it with existing land‑use and regulatory frameworks.

The afternoon Senate sitting was marked by a heated exchange in which the Majority Whip attacked Senator Khalwale for alleged opposition and personal ambition, while other members, notably Senator Lemaletian, warned about public ignorance of Senate functions and persistent development gaps in marginalized counties. Several senators raised procedural points of order, demanding substantiation of accusations and urging decorum. The debate combined personal political attacks with discussions on the Senate’s role and county development challenges. Senators voiced strong concerns over soaring university tuition and accommodation fees, citing unaffordable costs for students and suggesting the construction of low‑cost university hostels as a remedy. They also highlighted security lapses for patients in hospitals and the over‑reliance on Chinese contractors, which they say disadvantages local firms and leaves them unpaid. The debate combined criticism of existing policies with constructive proposals for government intervention. The debate centered on the proper terminology for Senators, emphasizing a national rather than county identity, and highlighted concerns about marginalisation and equitable development in Busia County. Senators also discussed the importance of oversight visits and trade challenges at the Malaba border, while the session became fragmented with procedural disputes and personal criticisms regarding majority‑minority roles.

The afternoon sitting opened with the quorum being confirmed and proceeded to procedural business. Hon. Kangogo Bowen highlighted inconsistencies in parliamentary vetting of board members and CEOs across state corporations, urging harmonised legislation, a point the Speaker referred to the Kenya Law Reform Commission. Subsequent members laid papers and motions concerning delegated legislation and the Public Finance Management (Public Officers Medical Fund) Regulations. Hon. Shakeel Shabbir apologized for remarks about teachers at Kindu Secondary School and highlighted concerns over teacher absenteeism and declining student performance. The Leader of the Majority outlined upcoming business, while Hon. Ojiambo raised a point of order on Treasury matters, and Hon. Protus Akujah questioned the fairness of the recruitment process for a deputy principal at Turkana University College. The session combined personal accountability, procedural updates, and calls for transparency in education and fiscal oversight. The debate focused on the Teacher Service Commission's promotion of 25,252 teachers, with members questioning the transparency of the promotion lists and the criteria used. Concerns were raised about regional inequities, especially in Trans‑Mara, and calls were made for affirmative action and the publication of detailed promotion data. While the Commission defended its merit‑based scoring system, MPs expressed frustration over the lack of accessible information.

Members debated the deteriorating state of Kenya's public health system, urging a return to quality, clean and affordable services while supporting the Universal Health Coverage agenda and the Social Health Authority. They highlighted challenges such as poor hospital cleanliness, inequitable access, and resource mismanagement, and called for legislative action to improve funding, accountability and align health outcomes with Vision 2030 goals. Members debated the need to improve health services, questioning whether legislation can compel officials to use public facilities and highlighting shortcomings of the newly formed Social Health Authority (SHA) compared to the NHIF. The discussion emphasized governance failures, mismanagement of resources, and debts owed to KEMSA, while urging political leaders to prioritize integrity and let professionals drive reforms. Constructive suggestions were offered, but the overall tone reflected frustration with current health sector performance. Members highlighted serious shortcomings in public education and health services, noting under‑qualified teachers and under‑staffed, poorly equipped health facilities. They called for stronger oversight, increased funding to meet the Abuja Declaration, and a shift toward preventive, promotive and digital health solutions, while urging the Social Health Authority to make contributions more affordable.

Members first thanked colleagues and highlighted issues such as zoonotic diseases, research collaboration and the loss of expertise due to early retirement of researchers. The debate then shifted to the National Disaster Risk Management Bill, with Hon. Owen Baya outlining the Senate's proposed amendments, indicating which clauses the House should accept or reject, and urging mediation instead of a full Committee of the Whole debate. The discussion reflected both constructive cooperation and disagreement over legislative details. Members debated a Bill to elevate the Kenya Institute of Primate Research (KIPRE) from a legal notice to an Act of Parliament, emphasizing its historic role, research capacity in antivenom production and disease investigation, and the need for institutional stability. The discussion was largely supportive, highlighting partnership opportunities, the institute’s contribution to COVID‑19 research, and the importance of retaining senior scientists beyond the standard retirement age. Procedural interjections were brief and did not detract from the overall constructive tone. Members raised concerns about inadequate KURA road maintenance in Nairobi slums and urged the Cabinet Secretary to extend coverage, while Hon. Hilary Kosgei requested spur roads to support the sugar belt. The Cabinet Secretary responded with plans to improve low‑volume seal roads, introduce weight‑limit technologies, and convene meetings with contractors to address pending projects, including funding allocations for Nairobi’s urban roads. The exchange combined criticism of current gaps with constructive proposals for infrastructure upgrades.

The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural motions concerning the Conflict of Interest Bill, the County Governments Additional Allocations Bill and the Social Protection Bill, with several attempts to secure seconds and clarify voting procedures. The debate was marked by confusion over motions, procedural interruptions, and brief moments of levity, but no substantive policy arguments were presented. The afternoon Senate sitting focused on a division roll‑call vote on the County Government’s Additional Allocations (No.2) Bill (Senate Bills No.8 of 2025). The committee reported its consideration and approval of the bill with amendments, while procedural exchanges included a pointed criticism of Senator Eddy for being “completely destructive.” The Senate’s afternoon session focused on roll‑call voting for nine amendment questions concerning the President’s recommendations on various clauses. The Temporary Chairperson directed procedural matters, instructed senators to resume seats, and managed the voice and roll‑call votes amid occasional disruptions and admonishments.

The Senate discussed Kenya's waste management strategy, emphasizing the development of a circular economy, extended producer responsibility, and the push for biodegradable bags that meet KeBS standards. Members highlighted budget shortfalls for NEMA, ongoing challenges with illegal dumping, and the need for county-level implementation, while also reviewing the management of invasive Prosopis Juliflora species and related value‑chain initiatives. Overall, the debate combined constructive policy proposals with acknowledgment of resource and implementation constraints. Senators questioned the Ministry on youth mental health, sports tournament funding, and alleged drug abuse among young demonstrators, prompting a heated exchange and a withdrawal apology. The Cabinet Secretary responded with updates on stadium construction, collaborations with NACADA and other agencies, and youth financing programmes, while acknowledging data gaps in certain counties. The debate combined criticism with constructive outlines of ongoing interventions. Senators interrogated the Cabinet Secretary on the status of the Waste Management Council, the rollout of regulations and model laws under the Sustainable Waste Management Act, and the challenges of illegal dumping and solid‑waste handling. They also sought the government’s policy on waste‑to‑energy, circular‑economy initiatives, inter‑governmental coordination with counties, and budgetary provisions for long‑term waste strategies. The debate combined criticism of current shortcomings with constructive calls for clearer policies and resources.

Members raised concerns that the government had suspended the gazettement of newly identified hardship areas, arguing this undermines teachers and other public servants who were promised allowances. The Speaker rebuked the members for relying on media reports, citing Standing Order 87, and directed them to submit formal requests for clarification. The session then moved to procedural business, including a motion to adopt the Fifth Report of the Decentralised Funds Accounts Committee on NG‑CDF accounts for six Busia constituencies. Members discussed amendments to the electoral law aimed at closing loopholes and strengthening penalties for offences by IEBC staff, citing the disputed 2022 elections and the need for credible 2027 polls. The debate included procedural motions to adjourn and defer further discussion until the Chairperson is present. Overall, the tone combined constructive intent with procedural frustration. Members debated whether the term “Kalenjin community” is a recognised ethnic grouping under the Constitution, with the Temporary Speaker and several MPs demanding a breakdown of sub‑communities and supporting census data. The discussion highlighted procedural concerns about the motion and called for supplementary reports to ensure compliance with Article 232. Requests were made for KNBS census reports to verify ethnic classifications.

Senators debated the Start‑Up Bill, expressing concern that accepting the National Assembly’s amendments would undermine the Senate’s mandate and dilute provisions supporting youth entrepreneurship. They urged a mediation process to reconcile differences, while also highlighting specific issues such as the restrictive land‑size clause for the Konza technopolis. The discussion emphasized the need for a supportive environment for innovators and the importance of preserving Senate oversight. Senators debated the composition of the ICT Authority board, urging that the chairperson and a majority of members possess formal ICT expertise and proposing an amendment to enforce this. The discussion became contentious, with members questioning the qualifications of the current chair, raising concerns about ethnic profiling and political appointments, and invoking Senate standing orders and constitutional provisions. Senators highlighted the Kaptagat Integrated Conservation Programme, noting its role in Kenya’s climate targets and the President’s attendance at the recent event. The remainder of the sitting was dominated by points of order over the use of “two term” versus “one term” when referring to the President, with the Temporary Speaker repeatedly ruling the language unparliamentary. The debate was therefore more procedural and contentious than substantive.

Senators debated how to curb online gambling, with Sen. Olekina proposing mandatory ID verification for transactions and Sen. Cheruiyot questioning its practicality while urging stronger regulation and consumer‑protection measures. The discussion highlighted Kenya’s sin‑tax approach versus Tanzania’s more permissive model, and called for a revamped gambling authority to enforce safeguards and support addicts. Senators debated the need for a regulatory authority to tax online betting firms that operate without a physical presence in Kenya, urging urgent legislative action. While some members advocated leveraging models like Las Vegas or Macau to capture revenue, others warned of the social harms and regressive nature of gambling taxes. The discussion highlighted both constructive proposals and strong opposition to legalising or taxing gambling activities. The Senate debated a proposed gambling regulation bill, with Sen. Okiya Omtatah condemning it as poorly drafted and urging its withdrawal, while Sen. Wakili Sigei defended it as a necessary first step, highlighting stronger penalties and advertising limits. Procedural interruptions occurred, and the discussion shifted briefly to the County Governments Additional Allocation Bill and funding mechanisms for counties. The debate reflected both criticism of the bill’s current form and support for tighter regulation of gambling activities.

The Cabinet Secretary for Roads and Transport outlined the government's priority to decongest Nairobi by dualling the Bomas‑Kiserian road and expanding the commuter rail and Bus Rapid Transit networks. He emphasized ongoing works, the need for integrated transport planning, and referenced a UK study to inform the development, responding to Senator Sifuna's inquiries. Senators focused on a recent fatal accident at Nyansiongo Market, urging the Cabinet Secretary for Roads and Transport to expedite safety measures such as speed‑reducing bumps and climbing lanes, while also discussing broader ITS and digital licensing initiatives. Procedural disputes arose over speaking order and the relevance of questions, and the minister sought clarification on environmental certification requirements for road works. The debate combined urgent safety concerns with procedural tension and technical clarifications. The Senate considered a motion to extend the deliberation period for the 2025 Environmental Management and Coordination Regulations after public complaints about high and punitive fees. The Cabinet Secretary for Water, Sanitation and Irrigation briefed senators on the Wikithuki Irrigation Scheme, outlining challenges such as power costs, wildlife conflict, and a Ksh 400 million solarisation proposal, while senators questioned the ministry’s budget capacity to fund the project. The debate combined procedural motions with substantive scrutiny of environmental and irrigation initiatives.