Sittings

Members debated a motion to grant Kenya Defence Forces personnel priority boarding on airlines and other transport, citing recent deaths of senior officers in a helicopter crash. The House expressed condolences, urged a thorough investigation, and emphasized the need to honour and protect the military while keeping it apolitical and improving recruitment and welfare. Members expressed condolences for the soldiers killed in recent incidents and called for greater respect and welfare for uniformed officers, including VIP status for travel, medical care and housing. The debate highlighted concerns over banditry, cattle rustling and the perceived lack of government support for the armed forces. Several MPs supported the motion to grant priority protocols as a means of recognition and motivation. Hon. Samuel Atandi called for greater investment in the military, an investigation into the recent CDF air‑crash, and better care for veterans and their families, while condemning political interference and corruption in recruitment. Hon. Malulu Injendi supported a motion for preferential travel for troops and highlighted poor living conditions, inadequate salaries, and the need for family support for fallen soldiers. The Temporary Speaker acknowledged the contributions of the members.

The sitting focused on reordering business items on the Order Paper before moving to the second reading of a bill. Hon. Marianne Kitany moved a motion to adopt the Departmental Committee's report recommending ratification of the EU‑Kenya Economic Partnership Agreement, outlining its expected trade benefits and the extensive public consultation undertaken. The Speaker directed the procedural steps to record the motion. The debate focused on the evolution of Kenya's electoral system, emphasizing the need for continuous review of biometric registration, polling station capacities, and the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) amendment bill. While members praised past reforms and the importance of learning from historical challenges, they expressed concern over proposals such as a three‑year term for the IEBC CEO, arguing for longer tenures to build expertise. Overall, the discussion was constructive but highlighted disagreements on specific legislative details. The debate centered on the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill. The Temporary Speaker praised the Bill for clarifying the IEBC chairperson role, adding commissioners and improving the electoral process, while Hon. Caroli Omondi and others criticised its failure to address timely delimitation, by‑elections, reconstitution of the IEBC and the composition of the selection panel, warning it could create further problems.

Senators debated the growing problem of pending county bills and the risk of courts ordering auctions of county assets, urging stronger oversight. They proposed granting Senators read‑only access to county IFMIS and internet banking systems and forming an ad‑hoc committee to investigate and develop a framework for governor accountability. The discussion highlighted reliance on the Auditor General and the need for legislative reforms. The Senate afternoon sitting dealt with procedural motions to report progress on the County Boundaries Bill and the Sugar Bill, with motions moved, seconded and agreed upon for the Committee of the Whole to report and for the House to adopt those reports. Senator Thangw’a then highlighted the risk of county assets being auctioned to settle pending bills, urging greater Senate oversight through read‑only access to county IFMIS and internet banking systems and proposing an ad‑hoc committee or the Finance Committee to investigate. His remarks combined concern over financial mismanagement with constructive proposals for improved accountability. Senators spent the afternoon reviewing and moving numerous amendments to the Sugar Bill, including new clauses and revisions to existing ones, while also concluding business on the County Boundaries Bill. The Chairperson managed procedural motions, divisions, and noted concerns about potential over‑regulation of farmers, which sparked opposition from some members. The debate was largely procedural but featured notable dissent on regulatory impacts.

The debate focused on amending the NLC Act to restore the commission's authority over public land disputes and to impose a clear timeframe for resolving historical land injustices, particularly in coastal regions. Hon. Odhiambo highlighted the emotive nature of land issues, warned against indefinite delays that could foster corruption, and called for stricter guidelines to limit discretionary abuse. Members also discussed broader concerns about legislative discretion and the need for laws that endure beyond changing political circumstances. Members discussed amendments to the IEBC Act, focusing on the appointment and qualifications of the selection panel, quorum requirements for the commission, and the definition of parliamentary parties in election oversight. While there was broad support for expediting the legislation and recognition of its importance for democratic stability, concerns were raised about procedural details and potential ambiguities. Members highlighted the urgent constitutional crisis caused by the absence of a functional IEBC, stressing that pending by‑elections and boundary reviews cannot proceed. The NADCO amendment Bill, which expands the commissioner‑selection panel from seven to nine members, was presented as a solution to restore the commission and prevent future governance gaps. Procedural exchanges underscored the seriousness of the issue while maintaining a constructive focus on passing the legislation.

Senators debated Kisii County's human‑resource challenges, highlighting alleged ghost workers, the dismissal of chief officers, and repeated budget disqualifications by the Controller of Budget. They also examined over Ksh 200 million in IFMIS‑voided transactions, attributing many issues to limited capacity and urging adherence to the County Governments Act for better oversight. Senators highlighted the urgent need for an international‑standard sports stadium in Mombasa to host the upcoming East African Parliamentary Games and future events, noting that the current lack of facilities hampers talent development on the Coast. They criticised past unfulfilled government promises and urged the allocation of roughly 1.7 billion shillings from the Sports Fund to complete the project. The debate called for greater government focus on coastal development and youth sports empowerment. Senators highlighted the recurring flood crises, blaming poor land‑use planning, inadequate drainage and misuse of emergency funds, while urging both national and county governments to adopt preventive spatial planning and climate‑resilient measures. They called for better coordination, proper allocation of resources, and community preparedness to mitigate future floods and drought cycles.

Members debated a Bill aimed at creating a uniform licensing regime across counties to ease the cost of doing business and improve consumer protection, especially regarding alcohol sales near schools. While the majority expressed strong support, concerns were raised about potential constitutional issues, high licence fees, and corruption in the current system. The discussion highlighted the need for electronic licensing, public participation, and alignment with national standards. Members debated the County Licensing (Uniform Procedure) Bill, noting that fragmented county licensing fees and procedures raise business costs and impede trade. They argued the bill would standardise licensing, protect consumers, boost county revenue and create a more favourable environment for investors across Kenya. The sitting began with the laying of several departmental committee reports on the Blue Economy, Water and Irrigation, Administration and Internal Security, and Trade, Industry and Cooperatives. Members raised points of order concerning parliamentary dress code and seating arrangements, interspersed with humor. Hon. Yakub Adow requested a statement on the deteriorating road conditions in Bura following severe flooding, highlighting infrastructure concerns.

Senators debated the need to amend the County Governments Act to raise the impeachment threshold and to introduce clear continuity provisions after a deputy governor or CECM is removed, citing the Kisii County case as a cautionary example. They called for broader oversight mechanisms covering cabinet secretaries and state agency CEOs, and highlighted practical challenges such as office conditions that affect legislative work. The discussion combined criticism of current loopholes with constructive proposals for legislative reform. Senator Thang'wa outlined the progress of the County Governments (State Officers' Removal from Office) Procedure Bill and argued for raising the removal threshold and extending timelines to curb emotionally driven impeachments. He cited county examples to illustrate inconsistencies in CECM empowerment and proposed restructuring the CECM role, including creating a separate County Officer position to improve accountability and reduce costs. The discussion combined criticism of current practices with constructive reform proposals. Senators debated a Bill to raise the removal threshold for County Executive Committee Members (CECMs) from one‑third to two‑thirds, arguing it would safeguard their independence and improve devolution performance. They highlighted past abuses, such as politically motivated removals and intimidation of staff, while expressing strong support for the amendment as a step toward greater respect and accountability for county officials. The discussion also touched on the need for clearer grounds for impeachment and broader protection of county assemblies and their staff.

Members condemned the high number of road deaths, attributing them to corruption, weak enforcement of traffic laws, poor driver behaviour and inadequate road design. They urged the President and relevant ministries to show political will, improve enforcement agencies, upgrade vehicle standards and redesign hazardous road sections to reduce accidents. Members of the National Assembly debated a petition to amend the Penal Code to criminalise sextortion, citing incidents where women and girls are coerced into sex for water, employment or academic favors. They urged swift legislative action, an omnibus approach to related laws, and called for accountability of public officials implicated in such abuses. The discussion highlighted the need for both legal reform and increased protection for vulnerable groups. Members unanimously supported a motion to provide stipends, insurance and other resources for caregivers of persons with disabilities, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive database and training. They called on the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection to develop regulations and allocate funds to improve caregivers' welfare and mental health.

The debate focused on the parliamentary vetting of 29 diplomatic nominees, including scrutiny of adverse reports from the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission on three candidates and the withdrawal of one nominee. The Committee evaluated academic, professional and integrity criteria under the Public Appointments (Parliamentary Approval) Act, highlighting concerns about suitability, especially for the Consul‑General to Goma. Procedural matters were addressed, with the Speaker restoring order and members resuming the approval process. The Minister outlined the government's response to the health sector crisis, urging striking doctors to return, detailing the transition from NHIF to the new Social Health Authority, and announcing a Ksh5.5 billion release for claim payments. He highlighted ongoing digitisation, free primary care, and plans for cancer centre handovers while acknowledging challenges such as unpaid claims and resource constraints. Members debated the vetting of 25 diplomatic nominees, praising several candidates and stressing the need for economically focused diplomacy. They endorsed the committee's recommendations, including the rejection of a consul‑general nominee for the DRC, and called for higher educational and professional standards for future appointments.

Senators raised concerns about the drastic reduction in miraa prices and sought a statement from the Trade Committee, while the Senate debated the Gambling Control Bill, emphasizing the difficulty of regulating offline and online gambling, its impact on youth, and the limited effectiveness of taxation as a deterrent. The Speaker enforced procedural rules, limiting additional clarification and rearranging the order of business. Senators debated a proposed Gambling Bill aimed at curbing tax evasion, under‑age gambling and money‑laundering while generating revenue for public services. They highlighted the need for strict licensing, consumer‑protection measures and a dedicated regulatory authority, but also warned of the challenges of enforcing rules on online platforms and the risk of stifling a thriving industry. The discussion balanced criticism of current regulatory gaps with support for a structured framework to manage the sector responsibly. Senators debated a Bill aimed at regulating online gambling and protecting children from harmful content, emphasizing age‑verification mechanisms and watershed periods for media. While some members praised the initiative and called for swift passage, others cautioned against over‑criminalisation and highlighted the need for thorough review of the legislation, including issues of local ownership. The discussion also touched on broader concerns about youth exposure to gambling and the importance of reading bills before voting.

Senators questioned the Ministry of Defence on the rehabilitation of Uhuru and Central Parks in Nairobi. The Cabinet Secretary reported that the projects are largely complete, with a few pending works and a handover to the County Government scheduled for the next day, and outlined plans for ongoing management, additional facilities, and budgetary support. The discussion highlighted collaborative efforts between the Ministry and Nairobi County to maintain and enhance the parks. The Minister of Health outlined the government’s negotiation efforts to end the doctors’ strike, detailing the stipend offers for medical interns, clinical officers and nurses, and linking payment solutions to the Social Health Insurance Act. Senators raised procedural concerns and accused each other of unparliamentary language, reflecting tension alongside the substantive discussion on health financing and service continuity. Senators raised concerns over long‑standing unpaid NHIF claims to health facilities and demanded an audit and transparency before the transition to the Social Health Authority. The Health Cabinet Secretary responded that a transitional committee, supported by Treasury and the Auditor General, is reconciling claims and that Ksh 36 billion has been paid last year, with additional funds being sought to settle outstanding amounts. The debate highlighted both frustration over delays and assurances of ongoing remedial actions.

The afternoon sitting opened with the Speaker welcoming delegations from Kisumu County Assembly, South Sudan, Zambia and the Pan‑African Parliament, highlighting Kenya’s role as a benchmark for regional legislative cooperation. Members praised Kenya’s climate summit, the NG‑CDF model and shared experiences on health devolution, while procedural updates included messages from the Senate on pending bills. The tone was largely collegial and constructive. Hon. Zamzam Mohammed detailed a wave of bandit attacks in Laikipia, describing injuries, livestock losses and deaths, and demanded a decisive government operation in Mukogodo Forest to restore security. The Temporary Speaker and other members echoed the urgency, condemning the brutality and calling for stronger security measures while noting concerns about human‑rights oversight. The debate focused on the recruitment of Kenya Wildlife Service rangers, with members demanding transparent allocation and accountability for slots across constituencies, while also highlighting budget constraints and plans for future recruitment. In a separate discussion, Hon. Gideon Mulyungi praised the audited NG‑CDF projects in Vihiga County, emphasizing their positive impact on remote communities and urging expansion of the fund to other sectors.

Senator Ogola highlighted alarming adolescent pregnancy rates and maternal deaths in several counties, citing personal stories and expert commentary to illustrate systemic failures in Kenya’s maternal and child health services. She urged the passage of the Maternal, New Born and Child Health Bill, 2023, emphasizing the need for better health‑workforce numbers, improved medical supplies, and functional health information systems. The debate combined criticism of the current situation with a constructive proposal for reform. Senators raised urgent concerns over stalled elections in Athletics Kenya and the Football Kenya Federation, urging the Cabinet Secretary for Sports to provide a clear roadmap. They also highlighted the prolonged ECDE teachers’ strike, inconsistent county service schemes, delayed county fund disbursements, and a doctors’ strike, calling on relevant Senate committees to intervene. Additional issues included political violence against a senator and the need for stronger devolution oversight. Senators raised concerns about inadequate supplies and project delays affecting healthcare delivery in Kisumu County and called for accountability from the County Executive. The session also reported on the activities of the Standing Committees on Devolution, Intergovernmental Relations, and Education, including legislative work on the Early Childhood Education Amendment Bill. Additionally, a statement highlighted the outcomes of the 8th International Parliamentarians Conference on sexual and reproductive health, reaffirming commitments to gender equality, increased funding, and resilient health policies.

Members raised concerns about flood damage in Mwea and urged the NIA to improve water management, while also seeking extended time for the Finance and National Planning Committee to complete its inquiries. The Temporary Speaker facilitated procedural matters, including points of order and the scheduling of upcoming business, such as second‑reading debates on pending bills and a report on the Cotton Industry Development Bill. The session combined constructive advocacy with routine parliamentary administration. Members criticised the NG‑CDF Board for failing to appoint substantive fund account managers in 31 constituencies, despite a rapidly increasing budget. They highlighted issues of suspension, interdiction and poor responsiveness, and called for legislative amendments and stronger oversight to improve service delivery. The afternoon sitting featured statements on Kenya Wildlife Services, the Suneka Airstrip and an extensive briefing on the distribution of subsidised fertiliser to farmers, including stock levels, weekly distribution figures and e‑voucher mechanisms. Members acknowledged earlier access challenges but noted improvements, urged timely procurement for the upcoming planting season, and raised concerns about fake fertiliser.

Members debated the National Disaster Risk Management Bill, acknowledging its timely relevance while raising concerns about the allocation of responsibilities between national and county governments. They highlighted the need for a functional Intergovernmental Council, clearer funding mechanisms, and uniform legislation to avoid conflicts across counties. Overall, the speakers expressed conditional support, urging refinements to ensure effective disaster response. The debate focused on the audit of NG‑CDF financial statements for Vihiga County, with members highlighting both the prudent use of funds and persistent delays caused by late Treasury disbursements and poor coordination with auditors. Hon. Oundo clarified the oversight role of MPs, defended them against mis‑attribution of fund mismanagement, and called for better induction of fund managers and timely releases to improve project delivery. Members expressed strong support for the National Disaster Risk Management Bill, emphasizing the need for county‑level disaster committees, data‑driven decision making and transparent funding mechanisms. They highlighted recent flood incidents as evidence of the bill’s urgency and called for inclusion of modern technologies such as AI and drones. While praising the bill’s progressive elements, some urged amendments to incorporate advanced tech and clearer fund management.

The Senate debated land‑related matters, with the Cabinet Secretary outlining digitisation of land records and the handling of disputed school parcels. Senator Osotsi raised a prolonged compensation and burial case linked to pre‑devolution land acquisition, seeking concrete action, while Senator Orwoba commended the ministry’s performance and queried the timeline for transferring devolved housing assets to county control. The Energy and Petroleum Cabinet Secretary outlined accelerated geothermal projects and fast‑tracked transmission line tenders aimed at achieving 100% renewable energy and reducing load‑shedding. Senators raised urgent concerns over a ten‑month power outage in Lamu caused by a damaged pylon and called for quicker repairs, while also highlighting the need for local manufacturing of meters and transformers. The discussion also touched on engaging Independent Power Producers to secure affordable power by 2026. Senators raised concerns over recent power outages caused by flooding and equipment failures, emphasizing the lack of three‑phase electricity for hospitals, schools and a new rice mill. They questioned the Energy Cabinet Secretary on transformer capacity, illegal disconnections, and the government's plan to achieve universal electrification and 100 % renewable energy by 2030. The discussion combined praise for the Cabinet Secretary’s efforts with criticism of ongoing service gaps.

The Senate afternoon sitting reviewed multiple Auditor‑General reports on county financial statements, welcomed university students and expressed condolences for a campus tragedy, and raised concerns about health service capacity and market safety through motions and committee statements. The proceedings were largely procedural with constructive remarks and calls for further oversight. Senators used the afternoon sitting to seek statements from various standing committees on matters such as insecurity in Laikipia, land ownership documentation, road maintenance, alleged financial improprieties at the Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority, and water scarcity in Marsabit. The Deputy Speaker guided the procedural flow, ensuring compliance with standing orders, and a brief welcome was extended to school visitors. Senators debated a petition on land ownership disputes affecting communities in Kwale and Maasai regions, emphasizing that court orders mandating compensation and resettlement have not been implemented. They criticised the government for disregarding these orders, called for urgent enforcement by the relevant committee, and urged respect for the rule of law. The discussion highlighted the need for compensation, protection of ancestral lands, and accountability of state agencies.

Senator Cherarkey criticised the County Boundaries Bill’s short 90‑day petition deadline, urging extensions to six months to allow thorough review of historically sensitive land issues. He highlighted the importance of public participation, suggested consolidating procedural clauses, and advocated using the term “Parliament” rather than “Senate” to avoid opposition from the National Assembly. The remarks combined constructive proposals with frustration over procedural confusion and inter‑chamber dynamics. Senators highlighted long‑standing challenges in Kenya’s sugar sector—including inadequate infrastructure, high production costs and unchecked imports—and presented the Sugar Bill as a framework to address these issues through improved infrastructure, pricing committees, zoning and stronger stakeholder collaboration. They expressed optimism that the legislation could boost farmer livelihoods, reduce import dependence and bring greater transparency and regulation to the industry. Senators discussed a Bill aimed at reviving Kenya's sugar sector by establishing a dedicated Sugar Board, introducing a levy for farmer support, and restructuring governance away from the Agriculture and Food Authority. They highlighted challenges such as cheap imports, mill inefficiencies, and the need for zoning and privatization to ensure fair pricing and sustainable production. The debate combined criticism of past failures with optimism about the proposed reforms.

Members debated amendments to the Bill, particularly a proposal to require that public memoranda be incorporated into legislation, which was strongly opposed as exceeding constitutional mandates. The discussion also covered the need for seamless information transfer between the two Houses and the appropriate mechanisms for resolving inter‑House disputes, emphasizing internal resolution before resorting to courts. The session began with a quorum call and proceeded with the tabling of the Decentralised Funds Accounts Committee report and a motion to adopt it. Members then moved to read the Statute Law (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill a third time, while the Temporary Chairlady tabled numerous clause amendments, prompting points of order and debate over procedural decorum and quorum adequacy. Members debated amendments to the Bill, notably deleting Clause 4 and Clause 9, to improve scrutiny of delegated legislation, remove problematic sunset clauses and update outdated regulations. The discussion was largely supportive, emphasizing rule‑of‑law and resource efficiency, though a brief exchange highlighted procedural tension and a light‑hearted rebuke about crossing the floor. Overall the tone was constructive with mild conflict.

Members debated the Disaster Management Bill, urging the inclusion of university expertise and warning against purely political appointments. Hon. Mutunga highlighted the Bill’s focus on mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery, stressing coordinated, multi‑sectoral action. The discussion balanced criticism of past shortcomings with broad support for a comprehensive disaster risk management framework. The Temporary Speaker highlighted delays in NG‑CDF fund disbursements and the lack of a response from the Leader of the Majority Party, warning of adverse effects on schools and constituency projects. Members debated the Treasury’s commitment to monthly disbursements, revenue shortfalls, and the need to guard against budgeted corruption, while also noting the absence of key committee chairs and pledging to table budget estimates after recess. Hon. Oundo criticised the Disaster Management Bill for excluding spatial planners, engineers and civil society, and warned that Clause 34 gives the President emergency powers without parliamentary oversight, potentially breaching constitutional rights. Hon. Mugambi, in contrast, endorsed the Bill as a needed legal framework for coordinating disasters, securing funding and establishing databases, while flagging possible conflicts of interest in its institutional design. The exchange showed both strong concerns and supportive arguments about the legislation’s scope and implementation.

The Senate resolved to extend the consideration period for the Sacco Societies Non‑Deposit Taking Levy Order to allow further stakeholder consultation. Members debated procedural motions and reported on the Committee of the Whole’s consideration of the Sugar Board Bill and the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Bill, highlighting benefits for farmers and regulatory oversight. The debate was largely constructive, focusing on legislative scrutiny and implementation mechanisms. The Senate spent the afternoon reviewing and amending the Coffee Bill (Senate Bills No.10 of 2023). Senators moved several amendments concerning licensing, the role of the board versus council, and the requirement for consultation with the council of county governors, with divisions scheduled at the end of each clause. The debate was largely procedural with no overt criticism or praise. The Senate afternoon sitting focused on procedural motions, including reporting the Committee of the Whole’s consideration of the Coffee Bill and the Prevention of Livestock and Produce Theft Bill, and moving to read these bills a third time with amendments. Senators made several motions to amend specific clauses and secured seconds, with the Temporary Chairperson overseeing the divisions and procedural steps.

Members debated a Bill intended to improve coordination between the National Assembly and the Senate and to address revenue division, while highlighting ongoing concerns about county development and health sector mismanagement. The discussion was largely procedural, with motions to report and approve the Division of Revenue Bill, interspersed with points of order and brief humorous exchanges. The debate underscored the urgency of passing legislation to satisfy pending court matters and improve inter‑governmental relations. Members debated the urgent need to amend the Statutory Instruments Act following a court ruling, emphasizing the risk of thousands of expired instruments affecting key institutions. Procedural motions were moved to schedule a morning sitting and to advance the Land Amendment Bill and the Cancer Prevention and Control Amendment Bill, with members expressing both support and criticism of the executive's planning. Members debated the Statutory Instruments (Amendment) Bill, emphasizing the need to revive thousands of regulations that lapsed by operation of law and to strengthen penalties for non‑compliance. The Committee’s work, including public participation and input from the Attorney‑General and KLRC, was praised, and the bill was moved for a second reading. Procedural motions and secondments were also recorded.

The House debated an amendment to the Statute Law (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill to insert a clause that it shall come into force upon gazettement. Hon. Murugara raised concerns about the length of time for gazettement and its effect on the Attorney‑General’s Office, while Hon. Kimani assured expedited processing and noted the withdrawal of certain University Act provisions. The Committee reported approval with amendments, a motion to agree was moved and seconded, and the final question was deferred for later scheduling. The House considered a motion urging the Ministry of Health to develop a national policy to prevent obstetric violence and improve maternal care. Members expressed deep condolences for the seven Kenyatta University students killed in a bus accident and called on the government to cover medical expenses and enhance road safety measures. The debate combined somber mourning with constructive calls for health and transport reforms. The debate focused on the prolonged delay of the Ruring’u Stadium and other sports infrastructure projects, with the Cabinet Secretary attributing setbacks to poor planning, contractor incapacity, and institutional limitations, and outlining a new masterplan and audit to address the issues. Hon. Duncan Mathenge criticised the continued use of the same contractor, demanded a clear completion timeline, and raised concerns about regional equity in stadium development. The exchange combined explanations of corrective measures with strong parliamentary scrutiny and criticism.

Senators debated the need to allocate clear funds for clearing audited pending bills at both national and county levels, linking unresolved payments to slower GDP growth. The discussion also highlighted support for public‑private partnerships and tolling major highways to boost trade corridors, while criticizing short‑term borrowing practices and calling for greater debt transparency. Sen. Oketch Gicheru highlighted the prohibitive fees of professional bodies, linking them to youth unemployment, rising stress, depression and road fatalities, and urged the government to declare a national emergency on road safety. Sen. Cherarkey contested the claims on grounds of human dignity and demanded evidence, prompting the Speaker to order the tabling of data. The exchange reflected tension between senators while focusing on youth welfare and safety issues. Senators highlighted the persistent high number of road deaths in Kenya, praising the establishment of St. John’s Ambulance trauma centres while urging wider county support and stronger NTSA enforcement. They called for improved driver training, clearer insurance compensation, and addressed broader concerns such as road infrastructure upgrades and the abduction of a Meru-based blogger.

Senators and the Cabinet Secretary discussed the urgent need to upgrade the Lwakhakha‑Chwele road corridor and other deteriorating highways, highlighting massive pending bills and accrued interest that strain the road budget. They criticised procurement practices and budget reductions while proposing caps on interest, legislative guidance, and reallocation of maintenance funds to address the Ksh 700 billion arrears and improve road maintenance. Senators discussed the poor condition of key northern roads, linking road upgrades to improved security and reduced banditry. The Cabinet Secretary outlined plans for design work, emergency maintenance, and potential partnerships, while also addressing compensation for displaced residents and temporary upgrades to airstrips for medical emergencies. The exchange highlighted budget constraints but conveyed a collaborative intent to resolve infrastructure challenges. Senators queried the Cabinet Secretary on the firms contracted for Project Safari and other initiatives, seeking clarification on the names McKinsey and Makenzie. The discussion also covered the status of donated Kenya Airways aircraft, explaining their decommissioning, repurposing for training, and the minimal scrap value. The exchange was largely procedural and aimed at providing transparent information to the public.

Senators Faki and Cheruiyot highlighted Kenya’s debt distress, noting the current debt‑to‑GDP ratio of 68% versus the 55% target for 2029. They criticised the existing programme‑based budgeting and the large number of state corporations, urging zero‑based budgeting and a reduction of state entities to curb spending. The debate combined criticism of the status quo with constructive proposals for fiscal reform. Senators debated the medium‑term debt management strategy, emphasizing the need to curb borrowing, cancel undisbursed loans and shift from a numerical debt ceiling to a GDP‑linked debt anchor. They also called for the privatization or restructuring of loss‑making state entities such as Post Bank, Kenya Airways and KICC to improve fiscal sustainability. The discussion was critical of past borrowing practices but offered constructive proposals for reform. Senators highlighted serious delays in expanding bed capacity at Mama Lucy Hospital and other Level‑Five county facilities, blaming lack of follow‑up by the county governor and stalled contracts. They called for re‑establishing a Committee on Implementation to ensure Senate resolutions are acted upon and raised concerns about delayed subsidised fertilizer distribution, while also supporting infrastructure projects such as LAPSSET, Lake Turkana wind power, and stricter aviation safety measures.

Members debated an omnibus Bill that seeks to amend the structure of the presidential transition, including expanding the Assumption of Office Committee, redefining the role of the National Security Advisor, and relocating the Public Seal. While some MPs, notably Hon. Julius Melly, endorsed the Bill citing committee reports and constitutional alignment, others raised objections to specific provisions such as the inclusion of a security advisor and the removal of the Public Seal from the Attorney‑General’s office. The exchange featured both constructive arguments and sharp criticism, reflecting a mixed tone. Members debated the Division of Revenue Bill, expressing support for vertical revenue sharing while highlighting flaws in the Equalisation Fund allocation and the CRA's ignored recommendations. The discussion turned critical of county governments' reliance on central transfers, poor revenue generation, and perceived misuse of funds, as well as broader economic concerns such as a weakening shilling and debt servicing. Calls were made for greater accountability, better data-driven allocations, and scrutiny of the Road Maintenance Levy Fund. Members debated the Houses of Parliament (Bicameral Relations) Bill, highlighting its aim to establish clear procedures for inter‑House cooperation, dispute resolution, quorum rules, and public participation. Procedural motions were made to defer the question and to read the bill a second time, accompanied by light banter and occasional order‑calling.

The debate focused on the Affordable Housing Bill, with the National Assembly reviewing Senate amendments that introduce county committees, adjust housing levies, and refine the definition of social housing. While most amendments were welcomed as progressive, members noted lingering disagreements over levy penalties and procedural details, urging that remaining issues be resolved through forthcoming Finance and Housing Bills. The speakers emphasized cooperation between the two Houses and the need for timely enactment. The session began with the Speaker welcoming a Finnish delegation to discuss disability and youth inclusion, followed by the laying of multiple committee reports on environment, defence, delegated legislation and affordable housing. Motions were moved to adopt the reports, including the ratification of the African Union Niamey Convention, and procedural acknowledgements were made. The debate was largely procedural with limited substantive contention. The debate centered on the Affordable Housing Bill, with members reviewing Senate‑approved amendments that would add institutional housing and provisions for low‑income Kenyans, while also questioning penalty clauses and the involvement of the NCA. Supporters praised the amendments as a step toward decent student accommodation, whereas opponents warned of constitutional breaches, devolution conflicts, land ownership disputes and the risk of the bill becoming a rubber‑stamp for the executive.

Senate members repeatedly questioned witness Joseph Misati about whether the Deputy Governor was to use his position to secure a recruitment job for the witness’s son, accusing him of evasiveness. Counsel and the Deputy Speaker urged clear yes/no answers, expressing frustration over the lack of direct responses. The exchange highlighted concerns over possible nepotism and the need for accountability in public recruitment processes. Counsel for the County Assembly interrogated witness Joseph Misati about a Ksh 500,000 loan from the Deputy Governor, questioning its intended purpose, alleged overseas travel, and requests to secure jobs for individuals such as Dennis and Lucy at GWASCO. Misati repeatedly claimed lack of awareness, while the counsel pressed for clarification, highlighting concerns over possible misuse of public funds and nepotistic practices. The exchange underscored oversight scrutiny of county officials’ financial and staffing decisions. The Deputy Speaker and the County Assembly counsel interrogated witness Mr. Joseph Misati about a Kshs251,000 payment made during a social feast on 28 May, probing the purpose of the payment, the role of his son Dennis, and discrepancies in his affidavit. The exchange focused on alleged financial mismanagement and the routing of funds to Deputy Governor Robert Monda, revealing tension and criticism of the witness’s explanations.

The Senate confirmed quorum and announced that the session will be dedicated to the impeachment hearing of Kisii County Deputy Governor Dr. Robert Monda. The Speaker outlined the procedural timetable, invited the legal teams of the County Assembly and the Deputy Governor, and prepared to read the charges against the Deputy Governor. Senators debated the motion to remove the Kisii County Deputy Governor, questioning whether the County Assembly followed standing orders, timelines and admissibility of new evidence. They highlighted procedural irregularities, warned about setting a precedent for future impeachment processes, and discussed the appropriate role of MPs in what was described as a trial‑like setting. The Senate debated the reading of charges against the Deputy Governor of Kisii County, focusing on alleged abuse of office and the unlawful deployment of county enforcement officers. Counsel for the County Assembly sought a summons for the Director of Enforcement to produce appointment documents and clarify the allegations, while Senators pressed for precise references to the supporting documents. The discussion highlighted concerns over the detainee’s medical neglect and the procedural requirements under Rule 10 and Article 50 of the Constitution.

Mr. Dennis Mokaya Misati testified that his family’s life‑savings were lost after a failed business sale and that he subsequently gave money to the Deputy Governor, seeking a refund that has not been received. He described the personal and marital strain, including a miscarriage, and detailed complaints lodged with a County Assembly member and the Ethics and Anti‑Corruption Commission, which summoned a water company CEO. The Senate proceedings included a request for a brief pause for the witness’s emotional state and procedural questioning by the counsel and Senator Khalwale. The Senate’s afternoon sitting featured counsel for the Deputy Governor interrogating witness Mr. Dennis Mokaya Misati about a complaint to the EACC, an alleged facilitation payment, and the lack of supporting documents. The questioning focused on timelines, sources of information, and whether the payment constituted a bribe, with the temporary speaker curbing the duration of the exchange. Senators, led by counsel Mr. Katwa Kigen, interrogated Ms. Lucy Wahito about inconsistencies in the interview dates for the Commercial Manager position, probing whether the dates were altered from 15 May to 25‑26 May 2023. The questioning also focused on the board’s scoring methodology, the appointment of independent members by the county shareholders (Nyamira and Gusii), and the overall governance structure linking the board to the governor. The exchange was largely confrontational and highlighted concerns over procedural transparency.

The session began with Hon. Gladys Boss outlining the re‑constitution and election process for the Committee on Members' Services and Facilities and the Committee of Powers and Privileges, citing relevant Standing Orders. The debate then shifted to Hon. (Dr.) Makali Mulu’s support for the Regional Development Authorities Bill, highlighting inadequate funding, duplication of roles, and unclear devolution of functions as key challenges that the legislation aims to address. Members highlighted the poor compliance of public institutions with the constitutional mandate to employ at least 5% persons with disabilities, noting that only one agency met the threshold. They criticized the 2019 census data, the urban‑centric placement of institutions, and pervasive stigma and poverty affecting disabled Kenyans, while urging better implementation and capacity building. Members raised concerns over the handling of East African Portland Company’s land assets, urging transparent sales to current occupants and better oversight. The debate also highlighted shortcomings in audit practices, delayed documentation, and the need for timely, system‑wide reviews by the Public Investments Committee. Calls were made for stronger institutional memory and adherence to the PFM Act.

Members of the National Assembly voiced strong support for a motion to develop a satellite‑based climate change monitoring policy, citing the severe droughts, floods and erratic rains affecting Kenya. They argued that satellite data would improve weather forecasting, aid agricultural planning and enhance disaster preparedness, urging the government to adopt modern technology over traditional methods. The debate highlighted the need for timely, accurate climate information to protect livelihoods and improve resource management. Members highlighted the recent launch of Kenya's Taifa One satellite and advocated for integrating satellite‑based monitoring with AI to improve climate and agricultural forecasting. A separate motion called for a national policy to expand psychiatric services across all health facilities, while another urged the government to recognise and financially support primary caregivers of persons with severe disabilities through a dedicated cash‑transfer programme. All proposals were presented constructively, seeking enhanced social protection and technological advancement. Hon. Atieno Bensuda highlighted the inadequate financial and logistical support for persons with disabilities (PWDs) and their caregivers, urging the government to allocate sufficient funds and integrate disability considerations into budgetary policies. She cited personal observations of neglect, stressed the need for dedicated resources such as the Disability Resource and Information Centre, and called for the National Government Affirmative Action Fund to complement NG‑CDF allocations. The speech combined criticism of current gaps with a call for coordinated, affirmative action.

Senators debated a series of amendments to the affordable housing Bill, centring on whether proposed clauses breach constitutional property‑rights provisions and the appropriate role of county versus national agencies. The discussion featured strong opposition to certain amendments, motions to delete or insert paragraphs in the Bill’s schedules, and procedural disputes over speaking rights. The tone was contentious with both constructive proposals and sharp criticism. Senators voiced frustration over delayed Treasury disbursements that are hampering the operation of their offices, while also welcoming a student delegation and highlighting local development achievements. The session then moved to procedural business, including the rearrangement of the order paper and several amendment motions on a housing‑related bill. Senators debated whether to extend the afternoon sitting to complete consideration of the Affordable Housing Bill. Opposition members accused the Majority Leader and Deputy Speaker of rushing the process and abusing rules, while the Deputy Speaker defended the extension as necessary and procedural. The exchange highlighted tensions over legislative timing and procedural authority.

Members criticised Kenya’s persistent tribalism, regionalism and corruption as obstacles to development, contrasting the country’s past economic standing with current challenges. The debate focused on a Bill to restructure regional authorities and align them with the 2010 Constitution’s county system, emphasizing the need for qualified board members and clearer functional divisions. While the tone highlighted serious shortcomings, it also expressed optimism that the reforms could improve governance and development. Members debated the persistent marginalisation of regions and the need for clearer mandates and stronger oversight of development authorities, calling for amendments to define natural resources and enhance climate‑change adaptation. Hon. Saney criticised unfulfilled promises and mismanagement, while Hon. Melly supported consolidating authorities under one law and proposed restricting activities to their core mandates. Members, chiefly from the UDA, pressed the Deputy Speaker for an urgent response to a shortage of subsidised fertilizer affecting farmers in the North and South Rift, urging a three‑day resolution before the planting season. The Deputy Speaker and other MPs reminded the House of procedural rules, noting that a formal motion and a one‑week notice are required for such requests. The debate also highlighted the broader impact on fertilizer prices and the need for a regional, not just local, solution.

The Senate debated the Heritage and Museums Bill, with members highlighting its provisions for heritage inspectors, a tribunal, and the repeal of the 2006 Act to align with the 2010 Constitution. Senators emphasized the need for stronger county involvement, adequate funding, and citizen responsibility in preserving Kenya’s cultural sites. The session also welcomed a delegation of students, underscoring the educational role of parliamentary proceedings. Senators debated a Bill aimed at strengthening the protection of Kenya's indigenous cultures by mandating county-level museums, enabling the return of illegally exported artefacts, and fostering tourism circuits across counties. The speakers praised the legislation as progressive, urging counties to allocate budgets and implement the provisions to preserve heritage and generate income. The Senate afternoon sitting opened with quorum, welcomed delegations from Zambia, South Sudan, Kilifi County Assembly staff, and school students, and proceeded with procedural business. Senators sought a statement on the delayed Sololo Level 4 Hospital in Marsabit, highlighting concerns over healthcare delivery. The session combined ceremonial acknowledgments with substantive oversight requests.

Members debated a Bill that would allocate revenues from natural resources between the national government and counties, with Hon. Makali Mulu urging clear benefit‑sharing formulas, public participation and infrastructure support. The Deputy Speaker highlighted procedural concerns, noting the Bill’s classification as a Money Bill despite originating in the Senate, while also acknowledging its potential to empower local communities. Both speakers called for a transparent framework to ensure equitable distribution and avoid legal challenges. Members debated two constitutional amendment proposals: one to protect constituencies that have not met the population threshold from being merged, and another to allow the IEBC CEO to conduct by‑elections when the commission is not fully constituted. They highlighted concerns over representation, fairness and the need for dynamic constitutional provisions, while expressing support for the motions. Members raised a petition highlighting systemic unfair labour practices affecting medical interns and contract health workers, citing broken promises under the Kericho Declaration and inadequate remuneration. The debate also referenced police brutality against health professionals, urging the House to ensure justice and proper implementation of health sector agreements. The Speaker reminded members of standing orders while allowing limited comments on the issue.

The Senate considered a motion to establish a special committee to investigate the impeachment of Kisii County’s Deputy Governor, which faced procedural challenges over securing a seconder. Subsequent business included electronic voting on amendments to the Water Amendment Bill and the reporting of the Care and Protection of Child Parents Bill. The session proceeded with routine procedural motions and votes. Senators debated the affordable‑housing bill, with the minority questioning tax burdens, alleged misallocation of funds and demanding evidence of a tragic case, while the majority defended the scheme as a constitutional right, a means to clear slums and create jobs for youth. The exchange was marked by accusations, applause and strong partisan language, reflecting a contentious but substantive discussion. Senators debated the Affordable Housing Bill, stressing its importance for addressing Kenya’s housing shortage, improving sanitation, and creating employment for youth and civil servants. They highlighted deplorable conditions in places like Langata Women’s Prison and Kibra, and criticised opponents for politicising the issue, urging cross‑party cooperation. The discussion also touched on the need for local procurement and support for TVET‑trained workers.

Members highlighted the inadequacy of current climate‑monitoring systems, citing recent drought‑related livestock losses and severe floods, and urged the development of robust policies, satellite‑based data collection and a supporting legal framework. While criticism was directed at government preparedness, there was also acknowledgment of the President’s focus on climate issues and a call for concrete programmes to protect agriculture, livelihoods and security. Members praised the proposed cotton Bill, highlighting cotton’s potential to boost incomes and create jobs in Kenya’s arid and semi‑arid regions. They called for a dedicated cotton authority, subsidies, seed provision and stronger national‑county partnerships to revive processing factories and make locally produced cloth affordable. The debate was largely supportive, emphasizing economic revitalisation through cotton farming. The Temporary Speaker deferred the question to a later sitting before Hon. Abdul Haro moved a motion urging the Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry to develop a policy for using satellite technology to monitor climate and weather patterns. He highlighted Kenya’s recent launch of the Taifa‑1 satellite and the need for accurate, timely data to combat droughts, floods and other climate‑related risks. Hon. Malulu Injendi seconded the motion, praising the satellite as a Kenyan achievement and emphasizing its potential for disaster management, environmental monitoring, and agricultural resilience.

The Senate session began with procedural formalities before senators presented multiple Auditor‑General reports on county funds and raised concerns about alleged recruitment fraud and the performance of the e‑Citizen digital payment platform. Debate centred on whether to seek committee statements or direct answers from the Cabinet Secretary, with some members expressing frustration over the latter’s absence. The Speaker managed the proceedings, urging order and noting procedural deferments. Senators highlighted broad stakeholder participation in the BPS agenda, noting the focus on bottom‑up economic transformation and the impact of exchange‑rate depreciation on debt. The chamber then debated several amendments to the Water Services Bill, chiefly removing cabinet‑approval language to safeguard the regulator’s independence, while conducting routine procedural votes. Senators raised proposals for a dedicated mental health fund targeting vulnerable groups and praised a tree‑planting initiative, while repeatedly highlighting the shortfall in county allocations, pending bills and the need to raise the shareable revenue to Kshs 415 billion. They criticised governors for poor utilisation of funds, urged faster settlement of Kshs 74 billion in pending loans, and called for stronger support to agriculture and climate‑related projects.